Exploring the Correlation of Remnant-Like Particle Cholesterol Levels With Ckd Developing Risk: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



H Aali HALIMEH ; S Bazgiri SARA ; Z Jamalafrouz ZAHRA ; Ssr Ramsheh Seyed Saied RAJAEI ; M Askarizade MAHBOOBEH ; Z Bazargani ZAHRA ; Fa Asadi Noughabi Fariba ASADI ; E Shafiei ERFAN ; D Soofi DADKHODA
Source: Journal of Renal Injury Prevention Published:2025

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressing illness worldwide and the relationship between remnant-C and CKD is still uncertain. Indeed, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between remnant-C and the risk of CKD development in a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Materials and Methods: This study surveyed databases like Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar up to December 17, 2024. Data analysis was performed by STATA 14 software, and the test confidential level was P< 0.05. Results: Remnant-C causes a higher risk of CKD (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.41). In addition, the remnant-C in second quartile (R:1.20, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.27), third quartile (OR:1.26, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.40), 4th quartile (OR:1.62, 95% CI: 1.42, 1.86), second tertile (OR:1.12, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.19) and 3rd tertile (OR:1.23, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.31) further increased CKD risk. According to the subgroup analysis, remnant-C in the group with the range of 40 to 49 years (OR:1.32, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.48), 50 to 59 years (OR:1.26, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.40), 60 to 69 years (OR:1.39, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.69), in men (OR:1.23, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.33) and women (OR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.82) lead to higher risk of CKD. Additionally, remnant-C in diabetic patients (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.48), individuals with body mass index (BMI) <25 (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.43), and individuals with BMI>25 (OR:1.39, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.60) lead to a higher risk of CKD, either. Conclusion: Our study reveals that remnant-C causes a higher risk of CKD, and a higher level of remnant-C leads to a higher risk of CKD. Notably, remnant-C causes CKD in women more than men and in individuals with BMI >25 kg/m2 more than ones with BMI<25 kg/m2, shedding new light on the gender and BMI-specific risks associated with remnant-C. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.