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Comparison of Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With and Without Covid-19 Infection: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study Publisher



Aghajani F1 ; Nariman S2 ; Alirezaei M3 ; Maleki Z4 ; Baerz MM5 ; Pakbaz Y5 ; Ghahghaeinezamabadi A6 ; Jafari K1 ; Tehranian A6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Neonatology and NICU, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Maternal Health Midwifery group, Treatment vice-chancellor office, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research Published:2024


Abstract

Background & Objective: The study aims to determine the adverse effects of a mild COVID-19 infection on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women living in the eastern part of Tehran. Materials & Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we followed two groups of pregnant women until term and their pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) positive tests of nasopharyngeal swabs were confirmed in one group, where at least three signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19, and/or chest CT scans identified highly specific findings for the disease were present. The control group is composed of healthy pregnant women tested negative for COVID-19. Results: The study included 319 pregnant women (108 with mild COVID-19 infection and 211 healthy). A higher percentage of mothers with mild COVID-19 infection had preterm births (47.9% vs. 30%, p=0.007), and their neonates required hospitalization more often (45.8% vs. 22.6%, p<0.001). PTB was positively associated with maternal hypertension (relative risk (RR): 5.40), mild COVID-19 infection (RR: 2.05), and older age (RR: 1.05). Among the risk factors for neonatal hospitalization, PTB (RR: 5.94), maternal hypertension (RR: 2.74), and mild COVID-19 infection during pregnancy (RR: 2.57) were significant. Conclusion: The outcomes of pregnancy are significantly impacted by maternal infection with COVID-19, even if it is mild. Preterm births are more likely to happen in mothers with mild COVID-19 infection, and neonates need more hospitalizations. © 2024, Farname Inc. All rights reserved.
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3. Obstetrics and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Covid-19: A Systematic Review, Iranian Journal of Public Health (2020)
4. An Increase in Cesarean Section Rate During the First Wave of Covid-19 Pandemic in Iran, BMC Public Health (2023)
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