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Interaction Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and Genetic Risk Score on Mental Health and Sleep Quality Publisher Pubmed



Hajmir MM1 ; Shiraseb F2 ; Ebrahimi S3 ; Noori S4 ; Ghaffarianensaf R4 ; Mirzaei K2, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Students’ Scientific Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417755331, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Eating and Weight Disorders Published:2022


Abstract

Purpose: Mental health and sleep quality are associated with genetics and nutrient and energy intake. The present study examined the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and genetic risk score (GRS) and their interactions on mental health and sleep quality in Iranian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 278 overweight and obese females aged between 18 and 56 years. According to the NOVA classification system, 37 food groups and beverages were collected using a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The blood parameters of all participants were assessed. Mini-column kit (type G; Genall; Exgene) and the PCR–RFLP method were used to extract DNA and determine gene polymorphism, respectively. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including Caveolin_1 (Cav_1), Melanocortin4 receptor (MC4R), and cryptochrome circadian regulator 1 (CRY1), were used to calculate GRS. The individual risk allele (0, 1, 2) for each SNP was calculated using the incremental genetic model. Results: After controlling for confounders, a significant interaction was found for depression (β = 0.026, 95% CI 0.003, 0.049, P = 0.028) and depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) score (β = 0.059, 95% CI 0.001, 0.117, P = 0.046) on the NOVA classification system and GRS. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed a significant interaction between GRS and the NOVA classification system on mental disorders, including depression, DASS score and stress. There was also a significant relationship between the NOVA classification system and anxiety, DASS score, sleep quality and depression. Furthermore, a partially significant association was observed between GRS and stress. Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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