Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran

Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran Publisher

Ghazisaeedi M¹ ; Mahmoodi H² ; Arpaci I³ ; Mehrdar S⁴ ; Barzegari S⁵

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Health Information Management Research Center, Kashan University Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
3. Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, 60250, Turkey
4. Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran
5. Health Information Management, Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction Published:2022

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the validity, reliability, and optimal cut-off points for the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Well-being Index (WHO-5) to screen mild depression among 400 Iranian students who completed these tools and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13). Further, a psychiatrist diagnosed the depression by using the “Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.” The validity and internal consistency of tools assessed and the accuracy were computed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC). The internal consistency values of PHQ-2, PHQ-9, and WHO-5 were.73,.88, and.94, respectively. The PHQ-2 (.53), PHQ-9 (.60), and WHO-5 (.54) were significantly associated with the BDI. The PHQ-2, PHQ-9, and WHO-5 had optimal cut-off points of 2, 5, and 9 with an AUC of.809,.851, and.823, respectively. Based on these findings, it is recommended to use the PHQ-9 for mild depression screening among medical university students in Iran because of its high sensitivity and specificity. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Ghazisaeedi M, et al.. "Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, vol. 20, no. 3, 2022, pp. 1824-1833.
APA	Ghazisaeedi M, Mahmoodi H, Arpaci I, Mehrdar S, Barzegari S (2022). Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), 1824-1833.
Chicago	Ghazisaeedi M, Mahmoodi H, Arpaci I, Mehrdar S, Barzegari S. "Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 20, no. 3 (2022): 1824-1833.
Harvard	Ghazisaeedi M et al. (2022) 'Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran', International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), pp. 1824-1833.
Vancouver	Ghazisaeedi M, Mahmoodi H, Arpaci I, Mehrdar S, Barzegari S. Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2022;20(3):1824-1833.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Ghazisaeedi M and Mahmoodi H and Arpaci I and Mehrdar S and Barzegari S}, title = {Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction}, volume = {20}, number = {3}, pages = {1824-1833}, year = {2022} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Ghazisaeedi M AU - Mahmoodi H AU - Arpaci I AU - Mehrdar S AU - Barzegari S TI - Validity, Reliability, and Optimal Cut-Off Scores of the Who-5, Phq-9, and Phq-2 to Screen Depression Among University Students in Iran JO - International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 1824 EP - 1833 PY - 2022 ER -

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