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Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Publisher Pubmed



Mansour A1, 2 ; Mohajeri Tehrani MR2 ; Qorbani M3, 4 ; Heshmat R5 ; Larijani B2, 6 ; Hosseini S2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  4. 4. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Nutrition Published:2015


Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess clinical relevance of long-term oral glutamine supplementation on lipid profile and inflammatory and metabolic factors in patients with diabetes. Method: Sixty-six patients with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 18 and 65y were randomized to receive glutamine 30 g/d (10 g powder, three times a day) or placebo, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial during a 6-wk treatment period. Fifty-three patients completed the trial. Independent samples ttest and analysis of covariance were used. Results: After a 6-wk treatment period, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in body fat mass (P=0.01) and percentage of body fat (P=0.008). Moreover, a significant reduction in waist circumference (P<0.001) and a tendency for an increase in fat-free mass (P=0.03), with no change in body weight and body mass index (BMI) was found. Enhancement in body fat-free mass was mainly attributed to trunk (P=0.03). There was a downward trend in systolic blood pressure (P=0.005) but not diastolic. Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) concentration significantly decreased after the 6-wk intervention (P=0.04). Mean hemoglobin A1c was significantly different between the groups at week 6 (P=0.04). No significant difference was detected for fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and quantitative insulin sensitivity index between groups (P>0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups in total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. No treatment effect on C-reactive protein was found (P=0.44). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the 6-wk supplementation with 30g/d glutamine markedly improved some cardiovascular risk factors, as well as body composition, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Future glutamine dose-response studies are warranted in these areas. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.
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