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Association of Beverage Consumption With Cardio‑Metabolic Risk Factors and Alanine Transaminase Levels in Children and Adolescents: The Caspian‑V Study Publisher



Khademian M1 ; Shahsavari A2 ; Qorbani M3, 4 ; Motlagh ME5 ; Heshmat R6 ; Khozani ES7 ; Najafi MA2 ; Mansourian M7 ; Kelishadi R8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Medical Student, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Epidemiology Non‑Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  4. 4. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non‑Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Advanced Biomedical Research Published:2024


Abstract

Background: This study aims to evaluate the association of beverage consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: This nationwide study is a part of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program in Iran. Overall, 4200 students, aged 7–18 years, were selected from 30 provinces by multi‑stage cluster sampling. In addition to filling in questionnaires, blood sampling and biochemical tests were done. The weekly use of six different beverage types including milk, juice, tea, coffee, soda, and non‑alcoholic beer, was documented by interview. Results: The participation rate was 91.5% (n = 3843), and data of 3733 students were complete for the current study. Beverages containing high levels of sugar such as soda and non‑alcoholic beer were significantly associated with higher levels of ALT. Model coefficient of regression (SD) was 0.66 (0.31) (P value: 0.034). Healthy beverages such as milk and fresh juice and also beverages containing high levels of caffeine did not have significant association with ALT levels (P value = 0.32, P value = 0.60). Healthy beverages had a significant and inverse relationship with triglycerides (TG) (P value = 0.029), total cholesterol (TC) (P value = 0.008) and low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) (P value = 0.008) levels. Conclusion: This study showed that consuming sugar‑sweetened beverages is significantly associated with higher levels of ALT, whereas healthy beverages are associated with a better cardiometabolic profile meaning that consuming healthy beverages leads to lower TG, TC, and LDL levels. The effects of beverages on children’s health should be emphasized in health recommendations. © 2024 Advanced Biomedical Research.
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