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Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid: Biological Functions and Implication for Disease Diagnosis and Vaccine Design Publisher Pubmed



Maghsood F1 ; Ghorbani A1 ; Yadegari H1 ; Golsazshirazi F1 ; Amiri MM1 ; Shokri F1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Reviews in Medical Virology Published:2023


Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is transmitted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has affected millions of people all around the world, leading to more than 6.5 million deaths. The nucleocapsid (N) phosphoprotein plays important roles in modulating viral replication and transcription, virus-infected cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and regulation of host innate immunity. As an immunodominant protein, N protein induces strong humoral and cellular immune responses in COVID-19 patients, making it a key marker for studying N-specific B cell and T cell responses and the development of diagnostic serological assays and efficient vaccines. In this review, we focus on the structural and functional features and the kinetic and epitope mapping of B cell and T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 N protein to extend our understanding on the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic immunological tests and effective vaccines. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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