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Association of Viral Infection With Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Motlaghzadeh S1 ; Tabatabaei F2 ; Eshragh F3 ; Tavakoli A1 ; Mobasheri N4 ; Kiani SJ1 ; Saadati H5 ; Asli S6 ; Chegeni AM7 ; Letafati A4 ; Khatami A1 ; Hosseini M1 ; Salavatiha Z1 ; Babaei A8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Motlaghzadeh S1
  2. Tabatabaei F2
  3. Eshragh F3
  4. Tavakoli A1
  5. Mobasheri N4
  6. Kiani SJ1
  7. Saadati H5
  8. Asli S6
  9. Chegeni AM7
  10. Letafati A4
  11. Khatami A1
  12. Hosseini M1
  13. Salavatiha Z1
  14. Babaei A8
  15. Fakheri Sueini V10
  16. Asadi D11
  17. Keyvanlou Z12
  18. Maskouni EJ13
  19. Bahavar A14
  20. Sorouri Majd M15
  21. Esfandiari AH16
  22. Khazaee H17
  23. Soleymani P18
  24. Shahamiri K19
  25. Moazamiyanfar R20
  26. Shirazi SB21
  27. Hafezi A22
  28. Zarei M23
  29. Khalesi Z4
  30. Ghorbani S25

Source: Pathology, research and practice Published:2024


Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer with the highest mortality rate. Since the etiological role of viral infection in the development of BC is less known, the aim of the present study was to examine the pooled prevalence and possible relationship between viral infection and BC. METHODS: A systematic search of major online databases was conducted to investigate relevant studies. We estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR), 95 % confidence interval (CI), and heterogeneity for all studies by using meta-analysis and forest plots. All data were analyzed using Stata Software v.14.1. RESULTS: We analyzed 87 articles (97 datasets), which included 59 case-control and 38 cross-sectional designs. The pooled prevalence of viral infection among BC patients was 17.59 % (95 % CI: 13.09-22.55 %; I2 = 96.34 %). Our subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence of human herpesvirus (HHV), papillomavirus (HPV), polyomavirus, and adenovirus was 33.67 %, 15.18 %, 7.46 %, and 30.14 %, respectively. We detected a significant relationship between viral infection and BC [summary OR 2.34 (95 % CI 1.56-3.51; I2 = 58.0 %)]. CONCLUSIONS: This possible association was exhibited for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HPV. Our finding indicated that HPV and EBV infections with significant associations with BC can be considered as possible risk factors for BC. Although the specific molecular mechanism of the role of viruses in the development of BC has not been identified, persistent viral infection, oncogenic protein expression, apoptosis inhibition, cell cycle promotion, and disruption of signaling pathways in bladder tissue are possible pathways for the role of viruses in the development of BC. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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