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Investigation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Tissue: Protein and Mrna Levels Compared Between Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Lichen Planus Publisher



Yazdandoust Y1 ; Arab F2 ; Kamyab K3 ; Mohtasham N4 ; Farshbaf A1 ; Sadeghi ES5 ; Mohajertehran F1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. 2. Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Dermatopathology, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran

Source: Journal of Advanced Oral Research Published:2024


Abstract

Aim: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a crucial enzyme in the prostaglandin cascade. Overexpression of the COX-2 enzyme has been associated with the pathogenesis and progression of certain cancers, including oral cancer. This study aimed to investigate the quantitative expression and immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of COX-2 in tissue samples from patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) to gain insight into its potential role in the pathogenesis of these oral diseases. Methods: A total of 76 samples were analyzed, consisting of 25 cases of OSCC, 27 cases of OLP, and 24 cases of normal oral mucosa. COX-2 expression was analyzed using IHC staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-squared, Spearman’s, and Fisher’s exact tests, with significance declared at a P value of <.05. Results: The mRNA expression of COX-2 in OSCC tissues (3.17 ± 1.02) was found to be significantly higher than in OLP (1.65 ± 0.72) and normal (1.08 ± 0.79; P <.01). In addition, protein expression of COX-2 was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in normal and OLP (P <.05). The oral cavity was the most common tumor site in the studied cases, representing 56% of OSCC cases, as determined by qPCR analysis (P <.05). Conclusion: Understanding the involvement of COX-2 in these oral diseases has implications for the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches. Also, the identification of COX-2 as a potential biomarker may contribute to improved diagnostic accuracy and prognosis in patients with OSCC and OLP. Moreover, the qPCR method could be as effective a technique as IHC to evaluate COX-2 amplification. © 2024 Academy of Advanced Dental Research.
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