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A Mediterranean-Type Diet Improved Systemic Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients, As Compared to the Traditional Iranian Diet: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial Publisher



Mirashrafi S1 ; Borzooisfahani M2 ; Namjoo I2 ; Hojjati Kermani MA3 ; Moravejolahkami AR1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism Published:2021


Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is overwhelming scientific evidence that dietary modifications is beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases like Multiple Sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to explore the effects of modified Mediterranean Diet (mMeD) on systemic inflammation, anthropometric indices, and relapse rate in MS patients. METHODS: This single-center, randomized controlled trial compared mMeD and traditional Iranian diet (as control) during six months in 180 Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Serum high sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), percent body fat, and relapse rate were evaluated at baseline, and 3 and 6 months later. Multivariate analysis of covariance test (MANCOVA; conducted by SPSS 24) was adjusted for age, gender, family history, duration of MS and education level. RESULTS: Of 261 screened patients (July 2018-February 2019), 180 patients were eligible; 68/90 as mMeD and 79/90 as control group completed the study. Self-reported adherence was excellent (95%). The mean change on the relapse rate was-0.54±0.9 compared to-0.03±0.4 for control group (P = 0.004). In addition, hs-CRP levels decreased in the mMeD group (-2.9±3.3 mg/L; P < 0.001) and mean changes were significant between two groups (P < 0.001). Anthropometric indices were modified in mMeD group, whereas between-group comparisons were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, mMeD improved inflammatory status and relapse rate in RRMS patients. Future trials with larger scale and longer duration should be conducted to confirm the role of diet as a disease-modifier in MS. © 2021-IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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