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Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Body Mass Index and Fatigue Severity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials Publisher



Moravejolahkami AR1 ; Shakibaei M2 ; Sharma M3, 4 ; Mohammadnezhad M5 ; Devarakonda SLS6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal & Tumor Biology Research Group, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
  3. 3. Department of Social & Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 89119, NV, United States
  4. 4. Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 89119, NV, United States
  5. 5. Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, England, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  6. 6. Nutrition Program, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, 10065, NY, United States

Source: Heliyon Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Recent studies imply that Mediterranean Diet (MeD) may play an important role in the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MeD in addressing MS-related complications. Methods: A thorough search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Central Cochrane Library, covering trials published until September 2023. The quantitative data were synthesized using random effect models through STATA14. Results: After analyzing 228 entries, we found five Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) with a total of 540 participants, who had an average disease duration of 8.5 years. The combined effect size revealed a decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD] = −0.88 kg/m2; 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] = −1.68, −0.08; P = 0.030). There was also a non-significant marginal improvement in fatigue severity (WMD = −8.29; 95 % CI = −16.74, 0.16; P = 0.054). Conclusion: Adherence to MeD may improve BMI and fatigue severity in MS patients. Further RCTs are needed to confirm the current results. © 2024 The Authors
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