An Epidemiological Investigation of Deaths From Methadone Poisoning in Corpses Referred to the Forensic Medicine Center of Isfahan Province From 2019 to 2022; [یسرربکیژولویمدیپاگرموریمیشانزاتیمومسمابنوداتمردداسجایلاسراهبزکرمیکشزپینوناقناتسا ناهفصایطیاهلاس8931ات8048] Publisher



Giahchin L ; Tirani M ; Fotouhi SK ; Firouzbakht M ; Karimian L ; Hojati M
Source: Journal of Health System Research Published:2026

Abstract

Background: Despite the rising death rate associated with methadone abuse, this drug continues to be utilized in most addiction treatment clinics as a maintenance therapy for managing drug dependence. This study aims to conduct an epidemiological investigation into the fatalities resulting from methadone abuse, enabling the development of necessary strategies to reduce both the mortality rate and the associated costs. Methods: This study employs a cross-sectional design with an analytical-descriptive approach, focusing on 750 deaths attributed to methadone consumption from 2019 to 2022. The bodies were referred to the Forensic Medicine Department of Isfahan Province. Demographic and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test, with a significance level set at 0.05. Findings: The results indicated that deaths resulting from methadone abuse increased from 2019 to 2021; however, in 2022, there was a decrease of 2.5% compared to the previous year. Additionally, 37.5% of the deceased had used other drugs alongside methadone. The highest mortality rate was observed among middle-aged men (average age: 37.80 ± 14.16 years), the majority of whom were unmarried (85.3%), had an education level below high school (59.3%), were self-employed (50.4%), and experienced the highest rates of mortality during the summer season (31.5%). Conclusion: Given the high incidence of methadone poisoning and its potential for abuse, it is essential to manage methadone use effectively across all age groups. Furthermore, raising awareness among patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment—particularly those in high-risk categories—about the increased risk of death associated with exceeding recommended dosages or combining methadone with other substances is vital. Educating individuals struggling with addiction and their families on proper methadone storage practices, as well as implementing changes in the color, taste, and packaging of methadone syrup, can significantly contribute to reducing instances of methadone poisoning, especially among children. Additionally, substituting methadone syrup with tablets and utilizing methadone in maintenance treatment centers can further enhance safety measures. © 2026, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.