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Socioeconomic Inequality in Congenital Heart Diseases in Iran Publisher Pubmed



Aminirarani M1 ; Vahedi S2 ; Borjali M3 ; Nosratabadi M4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Health and Social Welfare, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal for Equity in Health Published:2021


Abstract

Introduction: Social-economic factors have an important role in shaping inequality in congenital heart diseases. The current study aimed to assess and decompose the socio-economic inequality in Congenital Heart Diseases (CHDs) in Iran. Methods: This is a cross-sectional research conducted at Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran, Iran, as one of the largest referral heart hospitals in Asia. Data were collected primarily from 600 mothers who attended in pediatric cardiology department in 2020. The polychoric principal component analysis (PCA) and Errygers corrected CI (ECI) were used to construct household socioeconomic status and to assess inequality in CHDs, respectively. A regression-based decomposition analysis was also applied to explain socioeconomic-related inequalities. To select the explanatory social, medical/biological, and lifestyle variables, the chi-square test was first used. Results: There was a significant pro-rich inequality in CHDs (ECI = -0.65, 95% CI, − 0.72 to − 0.58). The social, medical/biological, and lifestyle variables accounted for 51.47, 43.25, and 3.92% of inequality in CHDs, respectively. Among the social variables, family SES (about 50%) and mother’s occupation (21.05%) contributed the most to CHDs’ inequality. Besides, in the medical/biological group, receiving pregnancy care (22.06%) and using acid folic (15.70%) had the highest contribution. Conclusion: We concluded that Iran suffers from substantial socioeconomic inequality in CHDs that can be predominantly explained by social and medical/biological variables. It seems that distributional policies aim to reduce income inequality while increasing access of prenatal care and folic acid for disadvantaged mothers could address this inequality much more strongly in Iran. © 2021, The Author(s).
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