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Cardiovascular Disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Epidemiology and Risk Factor Burden Publisher Pubmed



Turkadawi K1 ; Sarrafzadegan N2, 3 ; Fadhil I4 ; Taubert K5 ; Sadeghi M6 ; Wenger NK7 ; Tan NS8 ; Grace SL8, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Al Jamea Street, Doha, Qatar
  2. 2. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Ave, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, BC, Canada
  4. 4. Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, East Mediterranean Regional Office, Monazamet El Seha El Alamia Street, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
  5. 5. International Science and Health Strategies, American Heart Association, Aeschengraben 14, Basel, 4051, Switzerland
  6. 6. Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Ave, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, 30303, GA, United States
  8. 8. University Health Network, 585 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 2N2, ON, Canada
  9. 9. School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Bethune 368, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada

Source: Nature Reviews Cardiology Published:2018


Abstract

The Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) comprises 22 countries or territories spanning from Morocco in the west to Pakistan in the east, and contains a population of almost 600 million people. Like many other developing regions, the burden of disease in the EMR has shifted in the past 30 years from primarily communicable diseases to noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular mortality in the EMR, mostly attributable to ischaemic heart disease, is expected to increase more dramatically in the next decade than in any other region except Africa. The most prominent CVD risk factors in this region include tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, depression, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Many individuals living in the EMR are unaware of their risk factor status, and even if treated, these risk factors are often poorly controlled. Furthermore, infrequent use of emergency medical services, delays in access to care, and lack of access to cardiac catheterization affects the timely diagnosis of CVD. Treatment of CVD is also suboptimal in this region, consisting primarily of thrombolysis, with insufficient provision of timely revascularization. In this Review, we summarize what is known about CVD burden, risk factors, and treatment strategies for individuals living in the EMR. This information will hopefully aid decision-makers when devising strategies on how to improve CVD prevention and management in this region. © 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
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