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A Case-Control Study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (Dash) Diets, Colorectal Cancer and Adenomas Among Iranian Population Publisher Pubmed



Jafari Nasab S1 ; Ghanavati M2 ; Rafiee P2 ; Bahrami A2 ; Majidi N3 ; Clark CCT4 ; Sadeghi A5 ; Houshyari M6 ; Hejazi E2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV15FB, United Kingdom
  5. 5. Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: BMC Cancer Published:2021


Abstract

Background and aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults. Method: A total of 499 participants, including 129 CRC and 130 CRA cases, along with 240 controls, were asked about their dietary intake via a validated questionnaire. The DASH score was then calculated based on a priori methods and categorized in quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association of DASH score and the risk of CRC and CRA. Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22). Also, subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could reduce the risk of CRC and CRA in men and women. Promoting a DASH eating plan can be helpful in reducing the risk of CRC. © 2021, The Author(s).
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