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Association Between Adherence to a Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension and the Mediterranean Diets and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Yarmand S1 ; Abdollahi N2 ; Nejad ET4 ; Souni F5 ; Vali M6 ; Nouri M1, 5, 7 ; Shateri Z8 ; Rashidkhani B9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  6. 6. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  7. 7. Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate whether the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean (MED) diets are associated with CRC in Iranian adults. Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 71 cases and 142 controls (40–75 years old) in three general hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The dietary intakes of individuals were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that included 125 food items. The DASH and MED diet scores were calculated according to food items based on guidelines. Two logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between DASH and MED score adherence. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, a negative association between DASH diet adherence and CRC risk was observed in the second and last tertile compared to the first tertile (T) (T2: odds ratio (OR) = 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.77 – T3: OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03–0.27). There was no significant association between the MED diet and the risk of CRC. Conclusions: In conclusion, the current study's findings presented that adherence to a DASH diet could reduce the odds of CRC. © 2024
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