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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Switch Lineage Upon Relapse to Acute Bilineage Leukemia: A Case Report



Mehrzad V1 ; Nematollahi P2 ; Emami A1 ; Hosseini SF1
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Hematology Division of Internal Medicine Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Pathology Department, OMID Professional Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer Published:2021

Abstract

Although acute leukemia commonly relapses in adults, the conversion of leukemic cell lineage (lymphoid or myeloid) upon relapse has rarely taken place. “Lineage switch” is a term widely used to define the leukemic lineage transformation as assessed by morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping from diagnosis to relapse. In most lineage switch cases, B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/ lymphoma relapses as acute myeloid leukemia or vice versa. Here, we report an exceedingly rare case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapsing as mixed-phenotype acute leukemia. © 2021, Iranian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Society. All rights reserved.
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