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Global Estimates on the Number of People Blind or Visually Impaired by Cataract: A Meta-Analysis From 2000 to 2020 Publisher Pubmed



Pesudovs K502 ; Lansingh VC1, 2, 3, 55, 56 ; Kempen JH4, 5, 6, 7, 57, 58 ; Tapply I8, 59 ; Fernandes AG9, 10, 60 ; Cicinelli MV11, 12, 61 ; Arrigo A13, 62 ; Leveziel N14, 15, 63, 64 ; Resnikoff S16, 17 ; Taylor HR18 ; Sedighi T19 ; Flaxman S20, 67 ; Bikbov MM21 ; Braithwaite T22, 23, 152, 153 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Pesudovs K502
  2. Lansingh VC1, 2, 3, 55, 56
  3. Kempen JH4, 5, 6, 7, 57, 58
  4. Tapply I8, 59
  5. Fernandes AG9, 10, 60
  6. Cicinelli MV11, 12, 61
  7. Arrigo A13, 62
  8. Leveziel N14, 15, 63, 64
  9. Resnikoff S16, 17
  10. Taylor HR18
  11. Sedighi T19
  12. Flaxman S20, 67
  13. Bikbov MM21
  14. Braithwaite T22, 23, 152, 153
  15. Bron A24
  16. Cheng CY25, 26
  17. Del Monte MA27, 28
  18. Ehrlich JR29, 30, 194, 195
  19. Ellwein LB31
  20. Friedman D32
  21. Furtado JM33
  22. Gazzard G34
  23. George R35
  24. Hartnett ME36
  25. Jonas JB37
  26. Kahloun R38
  27. Khairallah M39
  28. Khanna RC40, 41, 42, 43
  29. Leasher J44
  30. Little JA45, 313
  31. Nangia V46
  32. Nowak M47
  33. Peto T48
  34. Ramulu P49
  35. Topouzis F50
  36. Tsilimbaris M51
  37. Wang YX52
  38. Wang N53
  39. Bourne R19
  40. Pesudovs K502
  41. Briant PS65
  42. Vos T65, 66
  43. Abate YH68
  44. Abdollahi M69, 70
  45. Abdollahi M69, 70
  46. Abebe AM72
  47. Abiodun O73
  48. Aboagye RG74
  49. Abrha WA75
  50. Abualruz H76
  51. Ali HA77
  52. Abugharbieh E78
  53. Aburuz S79, 80
  54. Adal TGG81
  55. Adane MM82
  56. Addo IY83, 84
  57. Adnani QES85
  58. Afzal MS86
  59. Aghamiri S87
  60. Ahinkorah BO88
  61. Ahmad A89
  62. Ahmad S90, 91
  63. Ahmadi A92, 93
  64. Ahmed A94, 95
  65. Ahmed H96
  66. Alfaar AS97, 98
  67. Ali A99
  68. Ali SSS100
  69. Altaf A101
  70. Amu H102
  71. Androudi S103
  72. Anguita R104, 105
  73. Anil A106, 107
  74. Anvari S108
  75. Anyasodor AE109
  76. Appiah F110, 111
  77. Arabloo J112
  78. Arafat M113
  79. Areda D114, 115
  80. Arefnezhad R116
  81. Aregawi BB117
  82. Asgedom AA118
  83. Ashraf T119
  84. Athari SS120
  85. Atinafu BTT121
  86. Atout MMW122
  87. Atreya A123
  88. Ayatollahi H112, 124
  89. Azzam AY125, 126
  90. Babamohamadi H127
  91. Bagherieh S128
  92. Bahurupi Y129
  93. Baig AA130
  94. Banik B131, 132
  95. Bardhan M133
  96. Basu S134
  97. Batra K135
  98. Bayileyegn NS136
  99. Bazvand F137
  100. Beyene AS138, 139
  101. Bhagat DS140
  102. Bhagavathula AS141
  103. Bhardwaj P142, 143
  104. Bhaskar S144, 145
  105. Bhatti JS146
  106. Bikbov M147
  107. Bineshfar N148
  108. Birck MG149, 150
  109. Bitra VR151
  110. Burkart K65, 66
  111. Bustanji Y154, 155
  112. Butt ZA156, 157
  113. Dos Santos FLC158
  114. Camera LA159, 160
  115. Carneiro VLA161, 162
  116. Cenderadewi M163, 164
  117. Chandrasekar EK165
  118. Chattu VK166, 167
  119. Chitranshi N168
  120. Chopra H169
  121. Chu DT170
  122. Coberly K65
  123. Coelho JM171
  124. Cruzmartins N172, 173
  125. Dadras O174, 175
  126. Dai X65, 66
  127. Das S176
  128. Dascalu AM177, 178
  129. Dashti M179
  130. Dastmardi M180, 181
  131. Demessa BH182
  132. Demisse B183
  133. Dereje D184
  134. Derese AMA139
  135. Dervenis N185, 186
  136. Devanbu VGC187
  137. Do TC188
  138. Do THP189
  139. Dos Santos Figueiredo FW190
  140. Dziedzic AM191
  141. Edinur HA192
  142. Efendi F193
  143. Ekholuenetale M196, 197
  144. Ekundayo TC198
  145. Sayed IE199
  146. Elhadi M200
  147. Emamian MH201
  148. Emamverdi M202
  149. Etemadimanesh A203
  150. Fagbamigbe AF196, 204
  151. Fahim A205
  152. Farrokhpour H206, 207
  153. Fatehizadeh A208
  154. Feizkhah A209
  155. Desideri LF210
  156. Fetensa G211
  157. Fischer F212
  158. Forouhari A213, 214
  159. Foschi M215, 216
  160. Fowobaje KR196, 217
  161. Gaidhane AM218
  162. Gandhi AP219
  163. Gebregergis MWW220
  164. Gebrehiwot M221
  165. Gebremariam B222, 223
  166. Gerema U224
  167. Ghassemi F225
  168. Ghozy S226
  169. Golechha M227
  170. Goleij P228, 229
  171. Goulart BNG230
  172. Guan SY231
  173. Gudisa Z232
  174. Gupta S233
  175. Gupta VB234
  176. Gupta VK235
  177. Hajmirzaian A236, 237
  178. Halimi A238
  179. Hallaj S239, 240
  180. Hamidi S241
  181. Harorani M242
  182. Hasani H243
  183. Heyi DZ244
  184. Hoan NQ245
  185. Holla R246
  186. Hong SH247, 248
  187. Hosseinzadeh M249, 250
  188. Hu C251
  189. Huang JJ252
  190. Huynh HH253
  191. Ibitoye SE254
  192. Ilic IM255
  193. Immurana M256
  194. Islam MR257
  195. Islam SMS258, 259
  196. Iwu CCD260
  197. Jacob L261, 262
  198. Jairoun AA263, 264
  199. Janodia MD265
  200. Jayaram S266
  201. Jindal HA267
  202. Jokar M268, 269
  203. Joseph N270
  204. Joshua CE271
  205. Kadashetti V272
  206. Kalankesh LR273
  207. Kalhor R274, 275
  208. Kamath S276
  209. Kandel H277, 278
  210. Kantar RS279, 280
  211. Karaye IM281, 282
  212. Kasraei H283, 284
  213. Kaup S285
  214. Kaur N286
  215. Kaur RJ106
  216. Kayode GA287, 288
  217. Khader YS289
  218. Khajuria H290
  219. Khalilov R291, 292
  220. Khatib MN293
  221. Kisa A294, 295
  222. Kosen S296
  223. Koyanagi A297
  224. Krishan K298
  225. Kulimbet M299, 300
  226. Kumar N270
  227. Kurmi OP301, 302
  228. Lahariya C303, 304
  229. Lan T305
  230. Landires I306, 307
  231. Leasher JL308
  232. Lee M309, 310
  233. Lee SW311
  234. Lee WC312
  235. Lim SS65, 66
  236. Mahajan PB314
  237. Maharaj SB315, 316
  238. Mahmoudi A225
  239. Mahmoudi R317
  240. Malhotra K318
  241. Mallhi TH319
  242. Mansouri V320
  243. Manu E102
  244. Marzo RR321, 322
  245. Maugeri A323
  246. Mcalinden C324, 325
  247. Mebratu W326, 327
  248. Meto TM328
  249. Meng Y329
  250. Mersha AM183
  251. Mestrovic T65, 330
  252. Minh LHN331, 332
  253. Misganaw A66, 333
  254. Mishra M334
  255. Misra S335
  256. Mohamed NS336, 337
  257. Mohammadi S206
  258. Mohammed M338, 339
  259. Mojiriforushani H340
  260. Mokdad AH65, 66
  261. Vardanjani HM341
  262. Moni MA342
  263. Montazeri F343, 344
  264. Moradi M180
  265. Motappa R270
  266. Mousavi P343
  267. Mulita A345
  268. Murray CJL65, 66
  269. Naik GR346, 347
  270. Naik G348
  271. Nargus S130
  272. Natto ZS349, 350
  273. Nayak BP290
  274. Negaresh M351, 352
  275. Negash H353
  276. Nguyen DH354, 355
  277. Nguyen PT356
  278. Nguyen VT357
  279. Niazi RK358
  280. Okonji OC359
  281. Olagunju AT360, 361
  282. Olatubi MI362
  283. Ordak M363
  284. Osuagwu UL364, 365
  285. Otstavnov N366
  286. Owolabi MO367, 368
  287. Padubidri JR369
  288. Pandey A370, 371
  289. Panos GD372, 373
  290. Pardhan S19
  291. Park S374
  292. Patel J375, 376
  293. Pawar S377
  294. Peprah P378
  295. Petcu IR379
  296. Peyman A213
  297. Pham HT380
  298. Pourazizi M213
  299. Quan NK381
  300. Rahim F382, 383
  301. Rahimimovaghar V384
  302. Rahman MHU385
  303. Rajaa S386
  304. Ramasamy SK387
  305. Ramasubramani P388
  306. Ranjan S389
  307. Rashidi MM343, 390
  308. Rath RS391
  309. Rauf AU392
  310. Rawaf S393, 394
  311. Damavandi AR395
  312. Redwan EMM396, 397
  313. Roy P398
  314. Pramanik KR399
  315. Saadatian Z400, 401
  316. Sabour S93
  317. Saddik B402
  318. Saeed U403, 404
  319. Safi S405, 406
  320. Safi SZ407, 408
  321. Saghazadeh A409
  322. Sharifaskari FS410
  323. Sahebkar A411, 412
  324. Sahraian MA413
  325. Sakshaug JW414, 415
  326. Saleh MA416, 417
  327. Samadzadeh S418, 419
  328. Samodra YL420
  329. Samuel VP421
  330. Samy AM422, 423
  331. Saravanan A424, 425
  332. Selvaraj S426
  333. Semnani F427
  334. Senapati S428
  335. Sethi Y429
  336. Seyedi SA430
  337. Seylani A431
  338. Shaheen AA432
  339. Shahid S433, 434
  340. Shahwan MJ435
  341. Shaikh MA436
  342. Sham S437
  343. Shamim MA106
  344. Shannawaz M438
  345. Shashamo BB183
  346. Shayan M439, 440
  347. Shittu A441
  348. Shiue I442, 443
  349. Shivakumar KM444
  350. Shorofi SA445, 446
  351. Sibhat MM447
  352. Siddig EE448, 449
  353. Silva JC450
  354. Singh JA451, 452
  355. Singh P453
  356. Skiadaresi E454
  357. Solomon Y455
  358. Sousa RARC456
  359. Sreeramareddy CT457
  360. Starodubov VI458
  361. Subramaniam MD459
  362. Susanty S460
  363. Tabatabaei SM461, 462
  364. Taye BT121
  365. Teklay G463
  366. Temsah MH464
  367. Terefa DR465, 466
  368. Ticoalu JHV467
  369. Toma TM468
  370. Tsatsakis A469
  371. Tsegay GM470
  372. Tumurkhuu M471
  373. Tusa BS472
  374. Ty SS473
  375. Ubah CS474, 475
  376. Umair M86, 476
  377. Umar TP477
  378. Valizadeh R478
  379. Van Den Eynde J479
  380. Watson SLW277
  381. Wonde TE480
  382. Wondimagegn GS481, 482
  383. Xiao H483, 484
  384. Yao Y485, 486
  385. Nia IY487
  386. Yigit A488
  387. Yismaw Y489, 490
  388. Yon DK491
  389. Yonemoto N492, 493
  390. You Y168, 277
  391. Yu C494
  392. Zastrozhin MS495, 496
  393. Zhao H497
  394. Ziafati M498
  395. Zielinska M499
  396. Zikarg YT500
  397. Zoladl M501
  398. Steinmetz JD65
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. HelpMeSee, Instituto Mexicano de Oftalmologia, Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico
  2. 2. University of Miami, Gables, United States
  3. 3. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
  4. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Shepens Eye Research Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  5. 5. Eye Unit, MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and MyungSun Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  6. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  7. 7. Sight for Souls, Bellevue, WA, United States
  8. 8. Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  9. 9. Federal University of Sao Paolo, SP, Sao Paolo, Brazil
  10. 10. University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
  11. 11. School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
  12. 12. Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
  13. 13. IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
  14. 14. University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
  15. 15. CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
  16. 16. Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  17. 17. School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  18. 18. School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia
  19. 19. Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  20. 20. Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  21. 21. Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation
  22. 22. School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  23. 23. The Medical Eye Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  24. 24. University Hospital, Dijon, France
  25. 25. National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  26. 26. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  27. 27. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
  28. 28. Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, United States
  29. 29. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
  30. 30. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
  31. 31. National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
  32. 32. Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
  33. 33. Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  34. 34. Institute of Ophthalmology UCL & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
  35. 35. Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, 600006, India
  36. 36. Stanford University, Stanford, United States
  37. 37. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  38. 38. Associated Ophthalmologists of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
  39. 39. Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
  40. 40. Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
  41. 41. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
  42. 42. School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  43. 43. University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
  44. 44. Nova Southeastern University College for Optometry, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
  45. 45. Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
  46. 46. Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India
  47. 47. Institute of Optics and Optometry, University of Social Science, 121 Gdanska str, Lodz, 90-519, Poland
  48. 48. Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Northern Ireland, Belfast, United Kingdom
  49. 49. John Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, United States
  50. 50. 1st Department of Ophthamology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
  51. 51. University of Crete Medical School, Giofirakia, Greece
  52. 52. Beijing Institute of Ophthamology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthamology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
  53. 53. Beijing Institute of Ophthamology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
  54. 54. School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  55. 55. Chief Medical Office, HelpMeSee, New York, NY, United States
  56. 56. Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology, Queretaro, Mexico
  57. 57. Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  58. 58. Eye Unit, MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  59. 59. Department of Ophthalmology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  60. 60. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  61. 61. Department of Ophthalmology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
  62. 62. Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
  63. 63. Ophthalmology Department, CHU de Poitiers (Poitiers University Hospital), Poitiers, France
  64. 64. Unite 1084, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Poitiers, France
  65. 65. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  66. 66. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  67. 67. Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  68. 68. Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement, Aleta Wondo Hospital, Aleta Wondo, Ethiopia
  69. 69. The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  70. 70. School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  71. 71. School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  72. 72. Pediatrics Nursing Department, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  73. 73. Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
  74. 74. Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  75. 75. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
  76. 76. Department of Nursing, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  77. 77. Department of Banking and Finance, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  78. 78. Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  79. 79. Department of Therapeutics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  80. 80. College of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  81. 81. Department of Public Health, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
  82. 82. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  83. 83. Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  84. 84. Quality and Systems Performance Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  85. 85. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia
  86. 86. Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  87. 87. Department of Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  88. 88. School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  89. 89. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
  90. 90. Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  91. 91. Department of Natural Sciences, Labanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
  92. 92. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  93. 93. Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  94. 94. Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
  95. 95. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  96. 96. Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
  97. 97. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
  98. 98. Department of Ophthalmology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin (Charite Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany
  99. 99. Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
  100. 100. Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of SWAT, Swat, Pakistan
  101. 101. Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
  102. 102. Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  103. 103. Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
  104. 104. Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
  105. 105. Department of Vitreoretinal, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  106. 106. Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  107. 107. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
  108. 108. Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-diciplinary Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  109. 109. School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
  110. 110. Department of Social Sciences, Berekum College of Education, Berekum, Ghana
  111. 111. School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
  112. 112. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  113. 113. College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  114. 114. College of Art and Science, Ottawa University, Surprise, AZ, United States
  115. 115. School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
  116. 116. Department of Anatomy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  117. 117. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
  118. 118. Department of Environmental Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  119. 119. University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  120. 120. Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  121. 121. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  122. 122. Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
  123. 123. Department of Forensic Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal
  124. 124. Department of Health Information Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  125. 125. Department of Neurovascular Research, Nested Knowledge, Inc, Saint Paul, MN, United States
  126. 126. Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt
  127. 127. Department of Nursing, Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Semnan, Iran
  128. 128. School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  129. 129. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
  130. 130. University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  131. 131. Institute of Health and Wellbeing (IHW), Federation University Australia, Melbourne, VC, Australia
  132. 132. Manna Institute, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
  133. 133. Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
  134. 134. Department of Academics, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gurgaon, India
  135. 135. Department of Medical Education, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
  136. 136. Department of Surgery, Jimma University, jimma, Ethiopia
  137. 137. Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  138. 138. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
  139. 139. School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  140. 140. Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, Aurangabad, India
  141. 141. Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
  142. 142. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  143. 143. School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  144. 144. Global Health Neurology Lab, NSW Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  145. 145. Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, South West Sydney Local Heath District and Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  146. 146. Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
  147. 147. Epidemiology Department, Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation
  148. 148. Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  149. 149. Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
  150. 150. Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
  151. 151. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
  152. 152. Ophthalmology Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  153. 153. International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  154. 154. Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  155. 155. Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  156. 156. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
  157. 157. Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  158. 158. Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  159. 159. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
  160. 160. Board of Directors, Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  161. 161. School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
  162. 162. Association of Licensed Optometry Professionals, Linda-a-Velha, Portugal
  163. 163. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
  164. 164. Public Health Departement, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
  165. 165. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
  166. 166. Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  167. 167. Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  168. 168. Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  169. 169. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara Univeristy, Punjab, India
  170. 170. Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNU-International School, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  171. 171. University Hospital Center of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  172. 172. Therapeutic and Diagnostic Technologies, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politecnico e Universitario (Polytechnic and University Higher Education Cooperative), Gandra, Portugal
  173. 173. Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  174. 174. Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
  175. 175. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  176. 176. Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States
  177. 177. Ophthalmology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  178. 178. Ophthalmology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucuresti, Romania
  179. 179. Department of Radiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  180. 180. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  181. 181. Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  182. 182. USAID-JSI, Jimma University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  183. 183. Department of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  184. 184. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  185. 185. St Paul’s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  186. 186. Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  187. 187. Department of Community Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India
  188. 188. Department of Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  189. 189. Department of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Viet Nam
  190. 190. Epidemiology and Data Analysis Laboratory, University Center FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
  191. 191. Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  192. 192. School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (University of Science Malaysia), Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
  193. 193. Advanced Nursing Department, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  194. 194. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, GA, United States
  195. 195. Institute for Health Care Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
  196. 196. Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  197. 197. Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  198. 198. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria
  199. 199. Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  200. 200. Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
  201. 201. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  202. 202. Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  203. 203. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  204. 204. Research Centre for Healthcare and Community, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
  205. 205. Department of Oral Biology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  206. 206. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  207. 207. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran
  208. 208. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  209. 209. Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  210. 210. University Eye Clinic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  211. 211. Department of Nursing, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
  212. 212. Institute of Public Health, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin (Charite Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany
  213. 213. Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  214. 214. Emergency Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  215. 215. Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, L’Aquila, Italy
  216. 216. Department of Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Ravenna, Italy
  217. 217. Child Survival Unit, Centre for African Newborn Health and Nutrition, Ibadan, Nigeria
  218. 218. Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
  219. 219. Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
  220. 220. Department of Midwifery, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
  221. 221. Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
  222. 222. Department of Health, Policy Research Institute, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  223. 223. Simon Fraser University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  224. 224. Department of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  225. 225. Department of Ophthalmology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  226. 226. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
  227. 227. Health Systems and Policy Research Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
  228. 228. Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
  229. 229. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  230. 230. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  231. 231. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medicla University, Hefei, China
  232. 232. Department of Anesthesia, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
  233. 233. Toxicology Department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, India
  234. 234. School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  235. 235. Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  236. 236. Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  237. 237. Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  238. 238. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  239. 239. Department of Ophthalmology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  240. 240. Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
  241. 241. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  242. 242. Department of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  243. 243. Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  244. 244. Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
  245. 245. School of Dentistry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  246. 246. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  247. 247. Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  248. 248. Research Department, Electronic Medical Records for the Developing World, York, United Kingdom
  249. 249. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  250. 250. Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  251. 251. Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
  252. 252. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
  253. 253. School of Biotechnology, Tan Tao University, Long An, Viet Nam
  254. 254. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  255. 255. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  256. 256. Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  257. 257. Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  258. 258. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
  259. 259. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  260. 260. School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
  261. 261. Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  262. 262. Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
  263. 263. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  264. 264. Department of Health and Safety, United Arab Emirates University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  265. 265. Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  266. 266. Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India
  267. 267. National Health System Resource Centre, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
  268. 268. Zoonoses Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
  269. 269. Department of Clinical Sciences, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  270. 270. Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  271. 271. Department of Economics, National Open University, Benin City, Nigeria
  272. 272. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India
  273. 273. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
  274. 274. Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  275. 275. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  276. 276. Manipal Institute of Management, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  277. 277. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  278. 278. Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  279. 279. The Hansjorg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nab’a Al-Hayat Foundation for Medical Sciences and Health Care, New York, NY, United States
  280. 280. Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Global Smile Foundation, Norwood, MA, United States
  281. 281. School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
  282. 282. Department of Anesthesiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
  283. 283. Eye Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  284. 284. Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  285. 285. Department of Ophthalmology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India
  286. 286. Department of ENT, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Mohali, India
  287. 287. International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  288. 288. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  289. 289. Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
  290. 290. Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
  291. 291. Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
  292. 292. Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku, Azerbaijan
  293. 293. Global Consortium for Public Health Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, India
  294. 294. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
  295. 295. Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
  296. 296. Independent Consultant, Jakarta, Indonesia
  297. 297. San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Barcelona, Spain
  298. 298. Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
  299. 299. Department of Health Research, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  300. 300. Atchabarov Scientific Research Institute of Fundamental and Aplied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  301. 301. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
  302. 302. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  303. 303. Department of Health Policy and Strategy, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India
  304. 304. SD Gupta School of Public Health, Indian Institute of Health Management Research University, Jaipur, India
  305. 305. Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
  306. 306. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  307. 307. Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
  308. 308. College of Optometry, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
  309. 309. Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
  310. 310. Medial Research Collaborating Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
  311. 311. Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, South Korea
  312. 312. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, United States
  313. 313. School of Biomedical Sciences, Coleraine, United Kingdom
  314. 314. Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Karaikal, India
  315. 315. School of Pharmacy, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
  316. 316. Fellow, Planetary Health Alliance, Boston, MA, United States
  317. 317. Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  318. 318. Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
  319. 319. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
  320. 320. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  321. 321. Department of Public Health, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia
  322. 322. Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
  323. 323. Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  324. 324. Department of Ophthalmology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Wales, United Kingdom
  325. 325. School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
  326. 326. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
  327. 327. Department of Research, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  328. 328. Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  329. 329. Eye Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  330. 330. University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
  331. 331. International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
  332. 332. Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
  333. 333. National Data Management Center for Health, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  334. 334. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, United States
  335. 335. Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  336. 336. Molecular Biology Unit, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan
  337. 337. Bio-Statistical and Molecular Biology Department, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan
  338. 338. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  339. 339. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (University of Science Malaysia), Penang, Malaysia
  340. 340. Department of Pharmacology, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
  341. 341. Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  342. 342. School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
  343. 343. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  344. 344. School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  345. 345. Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
  346. 346. College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
  347. 347. Department of Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  348. 348. Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  349. 349. Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  350. 350. Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  351. 351. Independent Consultant, Tehran, Iran
  352. 352. Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
  353. 353. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
  354. 354. Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  355. 355. Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
  356. 356. Department of Surgery, Danang Family Hospital, Danang, Viet Nam
  357. 357. Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  358. 358. International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  359. 359. School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
  360. 360. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  361. 361. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
  362. 362. Department of Nursing Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
  363. 363. Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  364. 364. School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
  365. 365. Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
  366. 366. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
  367. 367. Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  368. 368. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  369. 369. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Mangalore, India
  370. 370. Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  371. 371. Research Department, Public Health Research Society Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
  372. 372. Department of Ophthalmology, Nottingham University Hospitals, QMC Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  373. 373. Division of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  374. 374. Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, South Korea
  375. 375. Global Health Governance Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  376. 376. School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
  377. 377. Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
  378. 378. Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
  379. 379. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
  380. 380. School of Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  381. 381. College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  382. 382. Department of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  383. 383. Cihan University Sulaimaniya Research Center (CUSRC), Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  384. 384. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  385. 385. Manipal TATA Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  386. 386. Department of Community Medicine, Employees’ State Insurance Model Hospital, Chennai, India
  387. 387. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  388. 388. Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
  389. 389. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
  390. 390. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  391. 391. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Gorakhpur, India
  392. 392. Department of Health Behaviour, Environment, and Social Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  393. 393. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  394. 394. Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
  395. 395. Department of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  396. 396. Department Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Egypt
  397. 397. Department of Protein Research, Research and Academic Institution, Alexandria, Egypt
  398. 398. Department of Labour, Directorate of Factories, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata, India
  399. 399. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
  400. 400. Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
  401. 401. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, gonabad, Iran
  402. 402. Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  403. 403. Multidisciplinary Laboratory Foundation University School of Health Sciences (FUSH), Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  404. 404. International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad, Pakistan
  405. 405. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  406. 406. Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  407. 407. Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
  408. 408. Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  409. 409. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  410. 410. Sharjah Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  411. 411. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  412. 412. Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  413. 413. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  414. 414. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  415. 415. Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany
  416. 416. College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  417. 417. Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
  418. 418. Department of Neurology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin (Charite Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany
  419. 419. Department of Neurology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
  420. 420. School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
  421. 421. Department of Anatomy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
  422. 422. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  423. 423. Medical Ain Shams Research Institute (MASRI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  424. 424. Department of Pharmacology and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  425. 425. Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
  426. 426. Faculty of Dentistry, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia
  427. 427. Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  428. 428. Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
  429. 429. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, India
  430. 430. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  431. 431. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
  432. 432. Public Health Division, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
  433. 433. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  434. 434. Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  435. 435. Department of Clinical Sciences, Al-Quds University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
  436. 436. Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan
  437. 437. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York City, NY, United States
  438. 438. Amity Institute of Public Health, Amity University, Noida, India
  439. 439. Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  440. 440. Ophthalmic Research Center (ORC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  441. 441. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria
  442. 442. Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
  443. 443. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
  444. 444. Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India
  445. 445. Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  446. 446. Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  447. 447. Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
  448. 448. Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
  449. 449. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  450. 450. Family, Health Promotion, and Life Course Department, Pan American Health Organization, Bogota, Colombia
  451. 451. School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  452. 452. Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Birmingham, AL, United States
  453. 453. Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
  454. 454. Department of Ophthalmology, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Llanelli, United Kingdom
  455. 455. Department of Nursing, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
  456. 456. Directive Board, Associacao de Profissionais Licenciados de Optometria (Association of Licensed Optometry Professionals), Linda-a-Velha, Portugal
  457. 457. Division of Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  458. 458. Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health (FRIHOI), Moscow, Russian Federation
  459. 459. Soonchunhyang University, Vision Research Foundation, Cheonan-si, South Korea
  460. 460. Nursing Professional Education Study Program, University Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia
  461. 461. Department of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  462. 462. Clinial Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  463. 463. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  464. 464. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  465. 465. Outpatient Department, Wollega University, Bedele town, Ethiopia
  466. 466. Department of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
  467. 467. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia
  468. 468. Department of Public Health, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  469. 469. Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
  470. 470. Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
  471. 471. Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
  472. 472. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  473. 473. Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India
  474. 474. Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
  475. 475. College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  476. 476. Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  477. 477. Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  478. 478. Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
  479. 479. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
  480. 480. Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
  481. 481. Department of Ophthalmology Research, Queen Mamohato Memorial Hospital, Maseru, Lesotho
  482. 482. Ophthalmology Unit, Bahir Dar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia
  483. 483. School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
  484. 484. Department of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
  485. 485. China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
  486. 486. Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
  487. 487. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  488. 488. Department of Health Management, Suleyman Demirel Universitesi (Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Turkey
  489. 489. Department of Pharmacology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  490. 490. Pharmacy Department, Alkan Health Science, Business and Technology College, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  491. 491. Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
  492. 492. Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
  493. 493. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
  494. 494. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  495. 495. Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
  496. 496. Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  497. 497. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
  498. 498. Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  499. 499. Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  500. 500. Department of Anatomy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  501. 501. Department of Nursing, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  502. 502. Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Source: Eye (Basingstoke) Published:2024


Abstract

Background: To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by cataract and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published population studies and gray literature from 2000 to 2020 was carried out to estimate global and regional trends. We developed prevalence estimates based on modeled distance visual impairment and blindness due to cataract, producing location-, year-, age-, and sex-specific estimates of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI presenting visual acuity <6/18, ≥3/60) and blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60). Estimates are age-standardized using the GBD standard population. Results: In 2020, among overall (all ages) 43.3 million blind and 295 million with MSVI, 17.0 million (39.6%) people were blind and 83.5 million (28.3%) had MSVI due to cataract blind 60% female, MSVI 59% female. From 1990 to 2020, the count of persons blind (MSVI) due to cataract increased by 29.7%(93.1%) whereas the age-standardized global prevalence of cataract-related blindness improved by −27.5% and MSVI increased by 7.2%. The contribution of cataract to the age-standardized prevalence of blindness exceeded the global figure only in South Asia (62.9%) and Southeast Asia and Oceania (47.9%). Conclusions: The number of people blind and with MSVI due to cataract has risen over the past 30 years, despite a decrease in the age-standardized prevalence of cataract. This indicates that cataract treatment programs have been beneficial, but population growth and aging have outpaced their impact. Growing numbers of cataract blind indicate that more, better-directed, resources are needed to increase global capacity for cataract surgery. © The Author(s) 2024. corrected publication 2024.
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