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Serum Levels of Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in Relation to Coronary Artery Disease in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher Pubmed



Asgary S1 ; Movahedian A2 ; Keshvari M1 ; Taleghani M3 ; Sahebkar A4 ; Sarrafzadegan N1
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Source: Chemosphere Published:2017


Abstract

Background There is a continuing attempt to identify novel factors that can predict the risk of cardiovascular disease beyond the established coronary risk factors. It has been suggested that serum levels of lead, mercury and cadmium are associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate serum concentrations of lead (s-Pb), mercury (s-Hg) and cadmium (s-Cd) in patients with CAD in comparison with those of healthy individuals. The correlation between serum levels of these heavy metals and lipid profile parameters was also investigated. Methods In this case-control study, we included 65 patients (35 females) aged 50–70 years with angiographically-documented CAD and 65 healthy controls (43 female) matched for sex, age and place of residence. Serum concentrations of heavy metals were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption (GFAA). Serum lipids were measured using routine enzymatic methods. Results It was observed that the mean concentration of s-Pb (12.54 ± 8.41 vs. 5.89 ± 4.44 μg/L, p < 0.05) and s-Cd (0.938 ± 0.72 vs. 0.448 ± 0.30, p < 0.05; CI: 95%) and s-Hg (10.14 ± 5.06 vs. 6.11 ± 5.66, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in CAD patients compared with control subjects. The same result was also obtained after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors including age, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension (p < 0.05). The mean concentration of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and TC:HDL-C ratio were significantly higher in CAD patients (p < 0.05). There was no significant association between serum metal concentrations with TC, HDL-C and TC:HDL-C ratio (p > 0.05). Conclusions The present results showed that serum levels of heavy metals are associated with the presence of CAD. Long-term exposure to trace levels of Pb, Cd and Hg may play a role in the development of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. © 2017
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