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Prevalence of Autism and Its Comorbidities and the Relationship With Maternal Psychopathology: A National Population-Based Study Pubmed



Mohammadi MR1 ; Ahmadi N2 ; Khaleghi A1 ; Zarafshan H1 ; Mostafavi SA1 ; Kamali K3 ; Rahgozar M4 ; Ahmadi A1 ; Hooshyari Z1 ; Alavi SS1 ; Shakiba A1 ; Salmanian M1 ; Molavi P5 ; Sarraf N6 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Mohammadi MR1
  2. Ahmadi N2
  3. Khaleghi A1
  4. Zarafshan H1
  5. Mostafavi SA1
  6. Kamali K3
  7. Rahgozar M4
  8. Ahmadi A1
  9. Hooshyari Z1
  10. Alavi SS1
  11. Shakiba A1
  12. Salmanian M1
  13. Molavi P5
  14. Sarraf N6
  15. Hojjat SK7
  16. Mohammadzadeh S8
  17. Amiri S9
  18. Arman S10
  19. Ghanizadeh A11
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Child and Adolescent psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  7. 7. Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  9. 9. Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  10. 10. Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Source: Archives of Iranian medicine Published:2019


Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is no clear picture regarding the prevalence rates of autism and its comorbidities among Iranian children and adolescents. The present study aimed to estimate these rates as part of a large national population-based study on epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS: The total sample consisted of 31000 children and adolescents between 6 to 18 years of age. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Present and Life time version (K-SADS-PL) was used as the diagnostic tool. RESULTS: The prevalence of autism in the total sample is equal to 0.1% (10 per 10000), with a 2:1 male-to-female ratio. In total, 86% of people with autism had at least one comorbid condition. Intellectual disability, epilepsy, enuresis and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with prevalence rates of 70.3%, 29.7%, 27% and 21.62%, respectively, were the most prevalent comorbid conditions in people with autism. Maternal personality disorders were also shown to be associated with increasing risk of autism. CONCLUSION: The present study shows high prevalence rates for autism and its comorbid conditions among Iranian children and adolescents. It also reveals that there is a relationship between some maternal psychiatric disorders and the risk of autism. © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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