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Higher Dietary Diversity Score Is Associated With Obesity: A Case–Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Karimbeiki R1 ; Pourmasoumi M2 ; Feizi A3 ; Abbasi B1 ; Hadi A1 ; Rafie N1 ; Safavi SM1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center and Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Public Health Published:2018


Abstract

Objective: The present study was carried out to compare dietary diversity score (DDS) among overweight, obese, and normal-weight adults. Study Design: This case–control study was conducted with a total of 200 cases (100 participants with obesity and 100 participants with overweight) and 300 controls (normal weight) matched by socio-economic status (SES), older than 18 years. Methods: Dietary intakes were assessed using a self-administered Food Frequency Questionnaire. Data regarding physical activity and sociodemographic variables were gathered. DDS was computed based on the scoring of the five food groups emphasized in the United States Department of Agriculture Food Guide Pyramid. Anthropometric measurements were measured, and the body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were calculated. Results: The mean ± standard deviation of DDS was higher in participants with obesity (5.65 ± 1.32) than that in overweight participants (5.23 ± 1.23), while the lowest score was reported among normal-weight individuals (4.97 ± 1.42) (P < 0.001). The odds of obesity increased with each unit increase in DDS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22, 1.74). However, the association became slightly weaker after adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.68). Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a significant positive association between DDS and obesity. However, additional investigations are warranted. © 2018 The Royal Society for Public Health
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