Effect of Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors on the Risk of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



S Mirfendereski SAM ; M Ahmadnia MAHDIEH ; A Hasanpour Dehkordi ALI
Source: Journal of Renal Injury Prevention Published:2025

Abstract

Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is among the most critical complications of patients with coronary artery disease. Since diabetes patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and SGLT2 inhibitors are common anti-diabetic pharmaceutical agents, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors administration and CI-AKI risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: Databases including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar Search Engine were conducted to search the references published till April 6, 2024. The data was analyzed using the STATA 14 software, and tests with P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant (P < 0.05). Results: Results obtained from a total sample size of 2648 patients indicated that SGLT2i (sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors) reduced the risk of CI-AKI in general, in case-control studies, and cohort studies by 52% (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.77), 48% (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.92), and 64% (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.73), respectively. Nevertheless, administration of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients aged 60 to 69 (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.65) and 70 to 79 (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.65) reduced the risk of CI-AKI. Regarding the geographical location, SGLT2 inhibitors lowered the risk of CI-AKI in Italy (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.65) and China (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.69). In Turkey, however, no statistically significant relationship was reported between the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors and the risk of CI-AKI (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.34). Conclusion: SLGT2 inhibitors can reduce the number of CI-AKI cases by half. The patient’s age had no significant effect on the relationship between the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors and the risk of CI-AKI. Nonetheless, further investigation on this subject is necessary. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.