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Evaluation of the Prophylactic Effect of Fennel Essential Oil on Experimental Osteoporosis Model in Rats



Jaffary F1, 2, 3 ; Ghannadi A3 ; Najafzadeh H1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal of Pharmacology Published:2006

Abstract

The water-distilled essential oil of Iranian fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) was investigated for its composition and anti-osteoporotic activities in ovariectomized rat osteoporosis model. After oil analysis by GC/MS, 15 components were identified in the oil. Among them, trans-anethole (81.1%) and fenchone (9.2%) were the major components. Healthy female albino rats were divided into five groups of six animals each including sham operated (control), ovariectomized-vehicle and ovariectomized treated animals receiving fennel essential oil (FEO 500, 750, 1000 ing kg-1) or estradiol valerate (5 mg kg-1) for 30 days. The findings assessed on the basis of bone mineral density and uterine weight showed that the fennel essential oil has a preventive effect on development of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. This protective effect of FEO on early post-ovariectomy bone loss was dose dependent and at the dose of 1000 mg kg-1 it was even more than estradiol (BMD of 0.082±0.008 g cm-2, p<0.05) but more toxic than other doses. Trans-anethole, probably has an important role in these pharmacological effects. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
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