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In Vitro Antileishmanial Activity of Falcaria Vulgaris Fractions on Leishmania Major Publisher



Eskandarian AA1 ; Jafari H2 ; Asghari G2 ; Mohaghegh MA3 ; Ghanadian M4 ; Yousefi HA1 ; Faridnia R5 ; Kalani H1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
  4. 4. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Student Research Committee, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Source: Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products Published:2017


Abstract

Background: In recent years, many reports have been published regarding the increasing frequency of drug resistance in Leishmania species to antimonial compounds. Accordingly, many researchers have tried to develop new medicines for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Objectives: Theaimof this studywasto evaluate the in vitro antileishmanial activity of aqueous, ethyl acetate, andbutanol fractions of Falcaria vulgaris against Leishmania major promastigotes. Methods: The total extract was obtained using the percolation method. Subsequently, chlorophyll and oil were eliminated from the total extract, usingmediumpressure liquid chromatography (MPLC), followed by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) for fractionation of the total extract. The antileishmanial activity of each fraction was examined at 6 concentrations (40, 80, 160, 320, 640, and 1280 μg/mL) and 4 intervals (6, 24, 48, and 72 hours). Results: The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed P values of 0.16, 0.22, and 0.04 for the aqueous, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions, respectively. Furthermore, one-wayANOVA test revealed a significant difference between these fractions at 48 and 72 hours (P = 0.04 for both). In addition, Tukey's HSD test showed a significant difference between the butanol fraction and other fractions at 48 and 72 hours (P < 0.05). The greatest antileishmanial effect was observed in the butanol fraction with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 343.8 μg/mL at 48 hours. Conclusions: As Falcaria vulgaris showed acceptable antileishmanial activity with no side effects in this study, it can be used as an effective complementary or alternative treatment for skin lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, further in vivo studies are required in the future. © 2017.
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