Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Evaluation of Heart Rate Reserve and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Individuals With and Without Metabolic Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran



Khaledi Y1 ; Aghababaei E1 ; Sadeghi M2 ; Hashemi M3 ; Sanei H3
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: ARYA Atherosclerosis Published:2012

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lack of heart rate increase proportionate to exercise causes poor prognosis. Moreover, inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with atherosclerosis. The current study compared these two indices in individuals with and without metabolic syndrome in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS: This study was performed on 203 people without and 123 patients with metabolic syndrome who were randomly selected from the participants of the Isfahan Cohort Study. The demographic data, waist circumference, blood pressure, height, and weight of the participants were recorded. Moreover, serum triglyceride (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) levels were measured. Exercise test was carried out according to the Bruce standard protocol and heart rate reserve (HRR) was determined and recorded. The age-adjusted data was analyzed using generalized linear regression and student's t-test in SPSS 15. RESULTS: The mean ages of participants without and with metabolic syndrome were 54.16 ± 8.61 and 54.29 ± 7.6 years, respectively. The corresponding values for mean LDL levels were 116.17 ± 24.04 and 120.12 ± 29.55 mg/dl. TG levels were 140.38 ± 61.65 and 259.99 ± 184.49 mg/dl for subjects without and with the metabolic syndrome, respectively. The mean FBS levels were 81.81 ± 9.90 mg/dl in the participants without the syndrome and 107.13 ± 48.46 mg/dl in those with metabolic syndrome. The mean systolic blood pressure was 116.06 ± 13.69 mmHg in persons without metabolic syndrome and 130.73 ± 15.15 mmHg in patients with the syndrome. The values for mean diastolic levels in the two groups were 76.52 ± 6.69 and 82.84 ± 8.7 mmHg, respectively. While the two groups were not significantly different in terms of HRR (P = 0.27), hs-CRP levels in the metabolic syndrome group was significantly higher than the other group (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: We failed to establish a relationship between HRR and the metabolic syndrome. However, the observed relationship between metabolic syndrome and hs-CRP level, which is an inflammatory factor, indicates elevated levels of hs-CRP in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. Comparing Heart Rate Reserve and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Patients With and Without Metabolic Syndrome, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2015)
2. Evaluation of Heart Rate Recovery and Exercise Capacity in Individuals With and Without Metabolic Syndrome, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2011)
3. Evaluation of Heart Rate Reserve and Exercise Capacity in Individuals With and Without Metabolic Syndrome in Isfahan, Iranian Heart Journal (2012)
4. Does the Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Cardiovascular Events Vary by Using Different Definitions? Chronic Disease Epidemiology, BMC Public Health (2015)
5. The Relation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Electrocardiographic Change; Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2010)
6. Association of Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load With Metabolic Syndrome in an Iranian Adult Population: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Nutrition and Dietetics (2017)
7. Improving Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome Indicators in Women: A Transtheoretical Model‑Based Intervention, International Journal of Preventive Medicine (2015)
8. Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers Among Young Persons 10-18 Years Old, Clinical Chemistry (2007)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Nizal Sarrafzadegan (144)
Roya Kelishadi (118)
Other Related Docs
9. Correlation of Circulating Inflammatory Markers, Ghrelin, Adiponectin With Obesity Indices in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome, Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences (2013)
10. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in the Iranian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal (2015)
11. Factor Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome Among Iranian Male Smokers, Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences (2005)
12. Metabolic Syndrome in Menopausal Transition: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, a Population Based Study, Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome (2010)
13. Assessing Metabolic Syndrome Through Increased Heart Rate During Exercise, Acta Medica Iranica (2016)
14. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Atpiii and Idf Criteria in the Iranian Population, Koomesh (2012)
15. Metabolic Syndrome in First Degree Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Incidence and Risk Factors, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews (2011)
16. The Relationship Between Hematologic Variables and Metabolic Syndrome, Iranian Heart Journal (2011)
17. Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Clinic Attenders in Isfahan, Iran, Endokrynologia Polska (2012)
18. Evaluation of the Effects of Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) on Oxidative Stress and Serum Levels of Lipids, Insulin and Hs-Crp in Adult Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial, Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine (2016)
19. Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in the Iranian Population: Waist Circumference, Body Mass Index, or Waist to Hip Ratio?, Cholesterol (2013)
20. First Nationwide Study of the Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and Optimal Cutoff Points of Waist Circumference in the Middle East: The National Survey of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases of Iran, Diabetes Care (2009)
21. Body Mass Index, Waist-Circumference and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Iranian Adults: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition (2013)
22. Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a National Sample of Adolescent Population in the Middle East and North Africa: The Caspian Iii Study, International Journal of Endocrinology (2013)
23. Sex Based Levels of C-Reactive Protein and White Blood Cell Count in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2013)
24. Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Isfahan, Iran: Prevalence and Risk Factors, Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders (2007)
25. Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Ischemic Heart Disease - a Prospective Cohort Study in an Iranian Adult Population: Isfahan Cohort Study, Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (2012)
26. Cholesterol to Saturated Fat Index (Csi), Metabolic Parameters and Inflammatory Factors Among Obese Individuals, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2024)
27. Association Between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome in a Population-Based Study: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2011)
28. Apopulation-Based Metabolic Syndrome Risk Score and Its Determinants: The Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2014)
29. Assessing Body Shape Index As a Risk Predictor for Cardiovascular Diseases and Metabolic Syndrome Among Iranian Adults, Nutrition (2014)
30. Effects of 12 Weeks Aerobic Training on Body Composition, Serum Homocysteine and Crp Levels in Obese Women, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2011)
31. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Versus Metabolic Syndrome Criteria, Journal of Research in Health Sciences (2019)
32. The Isfahan Cohort Study: Rationale, Methods and Main Findings, Journal of Human Hypertension (2011)
33. Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme: A Comprehensive Integrated Community-Based Programme for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. Design, Methods and Initial Experience, Acta Cardiologica (2003)
34. Relationship Between Legumes Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, ARYA Atherosclerosis (2014)
35. Anthropometric Indices Predicting Incident Hypertension in an Iranian Population: The Isfahan Cohort Study, Anatolian Journal of Cardiology (2019)
36. Association of Resistin and Hs-Crp With Liver Enzymes and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adolescents With Excess Weight: The Caspian-Iii Study, Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences (2013)
37. The Effect of Moderate Substitution of Dietary Carbohydrates by Fats on Serum Levels of Adipocytokines, Inflammatory Indices, and Biomarkers of Endothelial Function Amongwomen With Metabolic Syndrome, Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (2012)
38. Metabolic Syndrome and Health-Related Quality of Life in Iranian Population, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2011)
39. Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases (2017)
40. Comparative Effects of Carbohydrate Versus Fat Restriction on Serum Levels of Adipocytokines, Markers of Inflammation, and Endothelial Function Among Women With the Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial, Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism (2013)
41. Association of Apolipoprotein-A, B and Trans Fatty Acids With Cardiovascular Events: Isfahan Cohort Study, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2011)
42. Paediatric Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Anthropometric Indices: The Caspian Study, Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics (2006)
43. The Effects of Fruit and Vegetable Intakes on C-Reactive Protein and the Metabolic Syndrome Among Women, Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders (2007)
44. Levels of Lipids and Apolipoproteins in Three Cultures, Atherosclerosis (2009)
45. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes, Pre-Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Type Ii Diabetes, Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (2013)
46. Multiparity and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders (2009)
47. Sex Based Pharmacological Treatment in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Findings From the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (2011)
48. Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components With Psychological Distress, International Journal of Endocrinology (2014)
49. Metabolic Syndrome: An Emerging Public Health Problem in Iranian Women: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, International Journal of Cardiology (2008)
50. How Does the Impact of a Community Trial on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Differ in Terms of Gender and Living Area? Findings From the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2012)