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A Systematic Review on the Role of Gra Proteins of Toxoplasma Gondii in Host Immunization Publisher Pubmed



Rezaei F1, 2, 3 ; Sharif M1, 4 ; Sarvi S1, 4 ; Hejazi SH5 ; Aghayan S6 ; Pagheh AS7 ; Dodangeh S1, 4 ; Daryani A1, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Students Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Sari Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  5. 5. Skin Diseases and Leishmaniosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
  7. 7. Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University Of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

Source: Journal of Microbiological Methods Published:2019


Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread obligatory intracellular parasite infecting humans and most of all other warm-blooded animals. Currently there is no any accepted vaccine for prevention of T. gondii infection. Many studies are focused on using of various excretory secretory antigens (ESA); and among them dense granule antigens (GRAs) being involved in parasite survival, virulence and replication processes, are considered as one of the predominant vaccine candidates. The aim of this systematic review is to prepare more comprehensive understanding of these antigens to reduce T. gondii infection in humans and animals. English databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, ISI Web of Science were systematically searched and papers evaluating GRA antigens published until June 2019 were selected. Evaluation of selected publications revealed that GRA4 and GRA7 substantially increased survival time of the experimental animals. It is noticeable that the maximum reduction in cyst burden was observed in BALB/c mice vaccinated with combination of GRA3, GRA7 and M2AP antigens (93.5%). GRA6 and GRA10 have shown high immunogenicity and GRA1 and 2 are important for virulence and induction of immune responses. This review will be helpful for researchers to conduct more effective studies in the field of immunization against T. gondii infection. © 2019
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