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Paediatric Myopia Shift During the Covid-19 Pandemic Home Quarantine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Abounoori M1 ; Aghajani A2 ; Chaibakhsh S2 ; Babakhanian M3 ; Pourazizi M4 ; Peyman A4
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Eye Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  4. 4. Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: BMJ Paediatrics Open Published:2022


Abstract

Background Outdoor activities were restricted during the COVID-19 outbreak, although digital learning grew. Concerns have been raised about the impact of these environmental changes on myopia status. This research aimed to examine myopia shift during the COVID-19 pandemic and offer the community evidence-based data. Methods The literature search was undertaken in PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases on published papers before 17 May 2022. The main outcome was mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) before, at the onset and at the end of follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Among 518 articles, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean SER differences during the COVID-19 pandemic follow-up (mean follow-up time was 10 months) compared with before the pandemic was 0.15 dioptre (D) (95% CI -0.39 to 0.69, p=0.58). After age adjustment using meta-regression, the mean SER differences during the COVID-19 follow-up compared with before the pandemic was - 0.46 D (95% CI -0.59 to -0.34, p<0.001). Over the mean follow-up time during the COVID-19 pandemic, the SER mean difference was -0.55 D (95% CI -0.78 to -0.32, p<0.001), showing that the mean SER had decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mean SER differences in myopic patients before COVID-19 compared with during the pandemic follow-up was -0.49 D (95% CI -0.53 to -0.45, p=0.00). So the prior pandemic myopic patients became more myopic during the pandemic follow-up time. Conclusion During home quarantine, the mean SRE shifting in paediatrics accelerated. This phenomenon should be given more attention by policymakers, eyecare experts, educators and parents. © 2022 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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