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High Dietary Acid Load Score Is Not Associated With the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults Publisher Pubmed



Mohammadifard N1 ; Karimi G2 ; Khosravi A3 ; Sarrafzadegan N1 ; Jozan M4 ; Zahed P5 ; Haghighatdoost F6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Isfahan Health Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Psychosomatic research center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research Published:2021


Abstract

Background and objective: The association between dietary acid load and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk is not well-known. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary acid load and the risk of MetS among Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 1430 Iranian adults. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary acid load was estimated using potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP). MetS was defined according to the ATP-III criteria. The risk of MetS and its components was explored using logistic regression test. Results: Totally, 205 individuals were identified to have MetS. No significant association for MetS was found across the quartiles of PRAL and NEAP either in the crude model [Q4 PRAL: OR (95% CI): 0.94 (0.67-1.32), and NEAP: OR (95% CI): 0.88 (0.63-1.25)] or fully-adjusted model [Q4 PRAL: OR (95% CI): 0.90 (0.61-1.33), and NEAP: OR (95% CI): 1.05 (0.70-1.57)]. Amongst the components of MetS, higher scores of NEAP was associated with an increased risk of impaired blood sugar after adjustment for potential confounders [OR (95% CI): 1.35 (0.93-1.96)]. No significant association was found for other components either with PRAL or with NEAP. Conclusion: Our findings suggest no association between dietary acid load and MetS risk in Iranian adults. However, higher dietary acid load, measured by NEAP, but not PRAL, was associated with increased risk of impaired fasting blood sugar. Longitudinal studies are warranted to explore whether a diet low in potential acid load could reduce MetS risk. © 2021 Hogrefe Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. All rights reserved.
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