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Fully-Automated Segmentation of Fluid Regions in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Subjects: Kernel Graph Cut in Neutrosophic Domain Publisher Pubmed



Rashno A1, 2 ; Nazari B1 ; Koozekanani DD3 ; Drayna PM3 ; Sadri S1 ; Rabbani H4 ; Parhi KK2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
  3. 3. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
  4. 4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: PLoS ONE Published:2017


Abstract

A fully-automated method based on graph shortest path, graph cut and neutrosophic (NS) sets is presented for fluid segmentation in OCT volumes for exudative age related macular degeneration (EAMD) subjects. The proposed method includes three main steps: 1) The inner limiting membrane (ILM) and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layers are segmented using proposed methods based on graph shortest path in NS domain. A flattened RPE boundary is calculated such that all three types of fluid regions, intra-retinal, sub-retinal and sub-RPE, are located above it. 2) Seed points for fluid (object) and tissue (background) are initialized for graph cut by the proposed automated method. 3) A new cost function is proposed in kernel space, and is minimized with max-flow/min-cut algorithms, leading to a binary segmentation. Important properties of the proposed steps are proven and quantitative performance of each step is analyzed separately. The proposed method is evaluated using a publicly available dataset referred as Optima and a local dataset from the UMN clinic. For fluid segmentation in 2D individual slices, the proposed method outperforms the previously proposed methods by 18%, 21% with respect to the dice coefficient and sensitivity, respectively, on the Optima dataset, and by 16%, 11% and 12% with respect to the dice coefficient, sensitivity and precision, respectively, on the local UMN dataset. Finally, for 3D fluid volume segmentation, the proposed method achieves true positive rate (TPR) and false positive rate (FPR) of 90% and 0.74%, respectively, with a correlation of 95% between automated and expert manual segmentations using linear regression analysis. © 2017 Rashno et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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