Exploring Perceptions and Preferences of Patients, Families, Physicians, and Nurses Regarding Cancer Disclosure: A Descriptive Qualitative Study Publisher Pubmed



Abazari P¹ ; Taleghani F¹ ; Hematti S² ; Ehsani M³ Show Affiliations
Source: Supportive Care in Cancer Published:2016

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore perceptions and preferences of cancer patients, their families, physicians, and nurses in disclosing cancer diagnosis. Methods: We selected 35 participants (15 patients, 6 family members, 9 physicians, and 5 nurses) by purposive sampling. We collected data by in-depth interviews and used qualitative content analysis for analysis. Results: Data analysis resulted in three categories: (1) establishing a basis for breaking bad news; (2) adjusting to the tragedy of bad news; and (3) helping the patient cope with the shattering news. The first category comprised the following subcategories: provision of proper background; adhering to a patient-centered approach; and being unhurried. The second category comprised the following subcategories: cancer as a cultural taboo; death as a frightening vision of unattainable dreams and punishment; hope as an opening in the utter darkness of disease; and empathy as liniment for the injuries of disease. The third category comprised the following subcategories: the family as the most powerful healing source for the patient; the force of spirituality in achieving peace; and a multiprofessional, harmonious physician-centered team. Conclusions: The findings of this study can help healthcare teams break the bad news of cancer diagnosis in a more effective, satisfactory, and culture-based manner for patients and their families. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.