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Association Between Lifelines Diet Score With Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Some Novel Anthropometric Indices Among Adults: A Case–Control Study Publisher



Asiaei S1 ; Sharifani MS2 ; Ghobadian B3 ; Baghdadi G4 ; Biglari F5 ; Rahimlou M6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Amir al-Momenin and Sahib al-Zaman Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Educational Department, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Source: Frontiers in Nutrition Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition strongly associated with poor dietary habits and obesity. The Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS), a measure of adherence to a health-promoting diet, may reduce the risk of NAFLD. This study investigates the association between LLDS and NAFLD risk, as well as its relationship with novel anthropometric indices in adults. Methods: This case–control study included 180 NAFLD patients and 250 controls aged 20–65 years from Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire, and LLDS was calculated by scoring food groups according to dietary guidelines. Anthropometric measurements included Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI). Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for NAFLD across LLDS quartiles. Results: Participants in the highest LLDS quartile had significantly reduced odds of NAFLD compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30–0.65; p < 0.001). Gender-specific analysis revealed that LLDS had a stronger inverse association with NAFLD in females (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.29–0.64) than in males (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40–0.79). LLDS was inversely associated with VAI (β = −1.14; 95% CI: −2.89, −0.3; p = 0.036), but no significant associations were observed with ABSI or BRI. Conclusion: Higher LLDS scores are associated with a lower risk of NAFLD and reduced visceral adiposity, particularly in females. These findings highlight the importance of improving dietary quality as a preventive strategy for NAFLD. Copyright © 2024 Asiaei, Sharifani, Ghobadian, Baghdadi, Biglari and Rahimlou.
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