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Association Between Lifelines Diet Score With Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Some Novel Anthropometric Indices Among Adults: A Case–Control Study Publisher



Asiaei S1 ; Sharifani MS2 ; Ghobadian B3 ; Baghdadi G4 ; Biglari F5 ; Rahimlou M6
Authors

Source: Frontiers in Nutrition Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition strongly associated with poor dietary habits and obesity. The Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS), a measure of adherence to a health-promoting diet, may reduce the risk of NAFLD. This study investigates the association between LLDS and NAFLD risk, as well as its relationship with novel anthropometric indices in adults. Methods: This case–control study included 180 NAFLD patients and 250 controls aged 20–65 years from Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire, and LLDS was calculated by scoring food groups according to dietary guidelines. Anthropometric measurements included Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI). Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for NAFLD across LLDS quartiles. Results: Participants in the highest LLDS quartile had significantly reduced odds of NAFLD compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30–0.65; p < 0.001). Gender-specific analysis revealed that LLDS had a stronger inverse association with NAFLD in females (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.29–0.64) than in males (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40–0.79). LLDS was inversely associated with VAI (β = −1.14; 95% CI: −2.89, −0.3; p = 0.036), but no significant associations were observed with ABSI or BRI. Conclusion: Higher LLDS scores are associated with a lower risk of NAFLD and reduced visceral adiposity, particularly in females. These findings highlight the importance of improving dietary quality as a preventive strategy for NAFLD. Copyright © 2024 Asiaei, Sharifani, Ghobadian, Baghdadi, Biglari and Rahimlou.
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