The Effect of Nutritional Education Based on Health Belief Model on Nutritional Knowledge, Health Belief Model Constructs, and Dietary Intake in Hemodialysis Patients Publisher

Summary: Study finds health belief model-based education boosts nutrition knowledge in dialysis patients, but diet changes need longer intervention. #KidneyDisease #Nutrition

Nooriani N¹ ; Mohammadi V² ; Feizi A³ ; Shahnazi H⁴ ; Askari G¹ ; Ramezanzade E⁵
Source: Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research Published:2019

Abstract

Background: Based on the results of many studies on the relationship between nutritional status and clinical implications in dialysis patients, malnutrition is one of the most important factors associated with mortality in these patients. The current study examined the effect of nutritional education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on nutritional knowledge, HBM constructs, and dietary intake in Hemodialysis (HD) patients. Materials and Methods: One-hundred chronic HD patients entered to this randomized clinical trial in 2017 in Iran; 41 in control group and 45 in intervention group completed the study. Demographic data and four 24-h recalls were collected. To evaluate the nutritional knowledge and HBM constructs, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Patients were evaluated before, immediately after, and 3 months after intervention. Eight 1-h education sessions in 4 weeks were considered for intervention group. Independent samples t-test, Chi-square test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA test showed significant increases in scores of the nutritional knowledge test, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers (p = < 0.001), perceived benefits (p = 0.010), and self-efficacy (p = 0.019) after the study in the intervention group. There were no significant differences between two groups in energy, protein, High Biologic Value (HBV) protein, carbohydrate, fat, cholesterol, fiber, vitamin B2, B3, B6, B12, E, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium intake. Conclusions: It seems that education based on HBM can improve nutritional knowledge but in order to influence on dietary intake, longer interventions that are more comprehensive are needed. © 2019 Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.