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Impact of Nutrition Education in Improving Dietary Pattern During Pregnancy Based on Pender's Health Promotion Model: A Randomized Clinical Trial Publisher



Goodarzikhoigani M1 ; Baghiani Moghadam M2 ; Nadjarzadeh A3 ; Mardanian F4 ; Fallahzadeh H5 ; Mazloomymahmoodabad S6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Health, Azad University of Firoozabad Branch, Fars, Iran
  3. 3. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Health Education and Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi, Yazd, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Different types of nutrients in adequate amounts are required to meet the increased demands of the mother and the developing fetus. Therefore, we examined the impact of nutrition education on the number of food servings per day. Materials and Methods: Pregnant mothers were recruited to a prospective, randomized clinical trial from May to September, 2016. At 6-10 weeks of gestation, the participants were randomly divided into the intervention (n = 96) or the control group (n = 96), and were followed-up until the end of pregnancy. Each woman in the experimental group met the study nutritionist at the time of enrollment and an individualized nutrition plan was developed. In addition, the nutrition education based on Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) was designed, including three 45-60 min training sessions in 6-10, 18, and 26 weeks of pregnancy. The participants' usual food intake using a three-day dietary record was assessed at 6-10 weeks and 34-36 weeks of gestation. Results: The mean scores of the perceived benefits, self-efficacy, activity-related affect, interpersonal influences (husband support), and commitment to action increased while the competing demand scores decreased in the interventional group compared with the control group. The mean standard deviation (SD) of food portions from grain [10.40 (1.96) versus 12.70 (1.93) in the control group], vegetable [3.88 (1.33) versus 2.96 (0.91)], fruit [4.02 (0.05) versus 3.95 (0.91)], dairy [2.33 (0.68) versus 2.11 (0.45)], and meat [3.17 (0.68) versus 2.96 (0.67)] were improved in the experimental group. Conclusions: Pender's HPM for nutrition education is effective based on the compliance of pregnant women to the dietary guideline and the food guide pyramid. © 2017 Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research.
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