Therapy-Related Myeloid Leukemia Following Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: A Case Report Publisher



Reisi N¹ ; Nematolahy P²
Source: Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Published:2022

Abstract

The development of secondary malignancy (SM) is the most worrisome long-term complication of childhood cancer. Acute myeloid leukemia is the most prevalent neoplasm that occurs after treatment with alkylatingagents and topoisomerase II inhibitors. Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare lung neoplasm in children.Type II and type III of this cancer are markedly aggressive and have a recurrent nature. Chemotherapy, radiationtherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) are treatment modalities that make these patients proneto secondary malignancy. Here was presented and discussed a case of myeloid leukemia 3.5 years aftertreatment of Pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 5.5-year-old boy who was a candidate for high dose chemotherapyand autologous stem cells transplant (auto-SCT) because of frequent recurrence and lack of response tochemotherapy and radiation therapy. It seems this is the first reported case of therapy-related myeloid leukemia(t-AML) after PPB in children. Awareness of the creation of this complication following administration ofcytotoxic therapies in the treatment of solid tumors will increase physician attention in the selection of treatmentmodality as well as the counseling of patients at the time of diagnosis © 2022, Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. All Rights Reserved.