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A Robust Emulsion Gel Based on Κ-Carrageenan and Dialdehyde Starch for Stimuli-Responsive of Hydrophobic Bioactive Agents Publisher Pubmed



Mm Rostamabadi Mohammad MAHDI ; Sr Falsafi Seid REZA ; M Shafieiuon MARYAM ; Z Abbasi ZAHRA ; M Falahati MAHTAB ; Zh Mohebi Zahra HASSANI ; F Tavangarian FARIBORZ ; Mh Enayati M H ; H Rostamabadi HADIS
Authors

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2025


Abstract

In this study, a green and sustainable emulsion gel was developed using κ-carrageenan (κC) and dialdehyde starch (DS) for the stimuli-responsive delivery of the hydrophobic bioactive agent, curcumin (CU). Initially, CU was encapsulated within κC-based emulsion gels, with κC serving as a natural stabilizing and gel-forming agent. Subsequently, DS, containing reactive aldehyde groups (AGs), was introduced to chemically cross-link with the hydroxyl groups of κC via a hemiacetal reaction, resulting in a porous and stable emulsion gel structure (κCDS@CU). The presence of DS enhanced the structural integrity of the gels and facilitated safe passage through simulated intestinal conditions. The engineered κCDS@CU emulsion gels demonstrated improved textural properties, high encapsulation efficiency, and sustained release behavior. Moreover, cytotoxicity assessments confirmed their biocompatibility, supporting their suitability for oral delivery. This rationally designed, biopolymer-based emulsion gel offers a promising platform for the effective encapsulation and targeted delivery of hydrophobic bioactive compounds. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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