Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I)

Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I) Publisher

Chaichiraghimi M^{1, 2} ; Ilkhani R¹ ; Parsa E³ ; Khodadoost M¹ ; Choopani R¹ ; Mokaberinejad R¹ ; Tansaz M¹ ; Movahhed M⁴ ; Namdar H^{5, 6} ; Emaratkar E^{5, 6} ; Vaghasloo MA^{7, 8} ; Hashemi M⁹ ; Tabarrai M⁷ ; Moeini R^{10, 11} Show All Authors

Chaichiraghimi M^{1, 2}
Ilkhani R¹
Parsa E³
Khodadoost M¹
Choopani R¹
Mokaberinejad R¹
Tansaz M¹
Movahhed M⁴
Namdar H^{5, 6}
Emaratkar E^{5, 6}
Vaghasloo MA^{7, 8}
Hashemi M⁹
Tabarrai M⁷
Moeini R^{10, 11}
Gorji N^{10, 11}
Alipour A¹²
Jafari P¹³
Hakimi F¹⁴
Yaghmaei F¹⁵
Zareiyan A¹⁶
Montazeri A¹⁷
Mojahedi M^{10, 11}

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Student Research Committee, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine (Persian Medicine), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4. Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5. Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
6. Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
7. Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8. Persian Medicine Network (PMN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
9. Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
10. Department of History of Medical Sciences, School of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
11. Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
12. Community Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
13. Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
14. Clinical Research Development Unit, Moradi Hospital in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
15. Department of Nursing, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
16. Community Health Department, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
17. Institute for Health Sciences Research, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

Source: Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine Published:2022

Abstract

Background: Gastric disorders are one of the most common human ailments, which impose a huge economic burden on countries. In Persian Medicine (PM), it is possible to predict the susceptibility to gastric diseases with diagnosis of gastric Mizajes (temperaments) and dystemperaments. The semiology of gastric dystemperaments has been investigated in PM textbooks, although the value of each sign and symptom is not mentioned. Consequently, this research is designed to determine the major and minor criteria for classifying gastric dystemperaments on the basis of valid manuscripts and with the help of PM specialists in the present era. Methods: This was a consensus-based study consisting of four phases. In the first phase, reference PM textbooks were studied. Symptoms and signs of gastric dystemperaments were collected and listed in four groups. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews with a sample of PM experts were carried out. Phase three included a focused group discussion with experts. Eventually, findings were integrated from the three study phases in a two-day meeting in Sari City. Results: Selected criteria included eight major and eight minor criteria for hot-cold dystemperament, as well as six major and eight minor criteria for wet-dry gastric dystemperament. Conclusion: Modern lifestyles and the interfering factors are responsible for some changes in diagnostic signs and symptoms according to PM. This was the first step to coordinate PM diagnostic criteria for gastric dystemperaments. Further studies are recommended to reach a unique protocol in the field of PM diagnostics. The next step includes design and validation of national diagnostic tools. © The Author(s)

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Hossein Rezaeizadeh (4)

Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo (4)

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Chaichiraghimi M, et al.. "Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I)." Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 13, no. 4, 2022, pp. 681-688.
APA	Chaichiraghimi M, Ilkhani R, Parsa E, Khodadoost M, Choopani R, Mokaberinejad R, Tansaz M, Movahhed M, Namdar H, Emaratkar E, Vaghasloo MA, Hashemi M, Tabarrai M, Moeini R, Gorji N, Alipour A, Jafari P, Hakimi F, Yaghmaei F, ... Mojahedi M (2022). Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I). Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 13(4), 681-688.
Chicago	Chaichiraghimi M, Ilkhani R, Parsa E, Khodadoost M, Choopani R, Mokaberinejad R, Tansaz M, et al.. "Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I)." Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine 13, no. 4 (2022): 681-688.
Harvard	Chaichiraghimi M et al. (2022) 'Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I)', Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 13(4), pp. 681-688.
Vancouver	Chaichiraghimi M, Ilkhani R, Parsa E, Khodadoost M, Choopani R, Mokaberinejad R, et al.. Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I). Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine. 2022;13(4):681-688.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Chaichiraghimi M and Ilkhani R and Parsa E and Khodadoost M and Choopani R and Mokaberinejad R and Tansaz M and Movahhed M and Namdar H and Emaratkar E and Vaghasloo MA and Hashemi M and Tabarrai M and Moeini R and Gorji N and Alipour A and Jafari P and Hakimi F and Yaghmaei F and Zareiyan A and Montazeri A and Mojahedi M}, title = {Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I)}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, volume = {13}, number = {4}, pages = {681-688}, year = {2022} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Chaichiraghimi M AU - Ilkhani R AU - Parsa E AU - Khodadoost M AU - Choopani R AU - Mokaberinejad R AU - Tansaz M AU - Movahhed M AU - Namdar H AU - Emaratkar E AU - Vaghasloo MA AU - Hashemi M AU - Tabarrai M AU - Moeini R AU - Gorji N AU - Alipour A AU - Jafari P AU - Hakimi F AU - Yaghmaei F AU - Zareiyan A AU - Montazeri A AU - Mojahedi M TI - Major and Minor Criteria for Gastric Dystemperaments in Persian Medicine: Sari Gastric Dystemperament Criteria-I (Sgdc-I) JO - Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 681 EP - 688 PY - 2022 ER -

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