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Phytochemical Composition and Anti-Efflux Pump Activity of Hydroalcoholic, Aqueous, and Hexane Extracts of Artemisia Tournefortiana in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Strains of Salmonella Enterica Serotype Enteritidis



Khosravani M1, 2 ; Soltan Dallal MM3, 4 ; Norouzi M5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Microbiology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Microbiology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
  3. 3. Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Divison of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Public Health Published:2020

Abstract

Background: The AcrB efflux pump in Salmonella species plays a significant role in the development of antibiotic resistance in ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enteritidis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-efflux pump activity of Artemisia tournefortiana extracts among S. Enteritidis strains. Methods: The hydroalcoholic, aqueous, and hexanolic extracts of A. tournefortiana were prepared and phytochemical composition of extract was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. After antibiogram, the AcrB efflux pump was detected in ciprofloxacin intermediate and resistant S. enteritidis strains using cartwheel and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Finally, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of extracts against S. enteritidis strains were evaluated. After treatment of S. enteritidis strains with sub-MIC concentrations of extracts, the expression level of AcrB efflux pump gene was evaluated using Real-Time PCR. Results: Phytochemical analysis of extracts using GC/MS method showed that hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (30.7%), and cyclopropane,1-(1-hydroxy-1-heptyl)-2-methylene-3-pentyl (17.8%) were the most dominant volatile components volatile compounds in the extract. The results of antibiogram, cartwheel and PCR methods showed that among 20 strains of S. enteritidis that were resistant and intermediate to ciprofloxacin, 16 strains had AcrB efflux pumps. Finally, Real-Time PCR results showed a significant down-regulation of acrB gene in S. enteritidis strains. Conclusion: A. tournefortiana had anti-efflux activity and this plant can potentially be used as a natural efflux inhibitor for S. enteritidis strains. © 2020, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved.
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