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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Toxocariasis in Iran: Is It Time to Take It Seriously? Publisher Pubmed



Abbaszadeh Afshar MJ1 ; Zahabiun F1 ; Heydarian P2 ; Mozafar Saadati H3 ; Mohtasebi S1 ; Khodamoradi F4 ; Raissi V1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran

Source: Acta Parasitologica Published:2020


Abstract

Background: Toxocariasis is one of the neglected zoonosis with considerable public health importance around the world. The current study aimed to elucidate the overall prevalence of Toxocara infection in human and definitive hosts and also the contamination of soil and raw vegetables with the ova of these parasites, in Iran, using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Six English and Persian databases were explored from 2000 to 2017 using the terms toxocariasis, Toxocara spp., visceral larva migrans, Iran, epidemiology, and prevalence. This meta-analysis conducted using STATA, and for all statistical tests, a p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The random-effects model was used to the report of the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The pooled prevalence of toxocariasis in human was calculated as 11% (95% CI 8–13%). In terms of definitive hosts, the pooled prevalence of Toxocara infection in dogs and cats were calculated as 17% (95% CI 14–20%) and 37% (95% CI 26–48%), respectively. Also, the pooled prevalence of Toxocara spp. eggs in the soil and raw vegetable samples were calculated as 18% (95% CI 13–23%) and 2% (95% CI 1–3%), respectively. Conclusions: The results of current study demonstrate that toxocariasis should be taken more seriously by health authorities. Implementing an appropriate control program is necessary to reduce the incidence of this disease in Iran. © 2020, Witold Stefanski Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
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