Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age

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Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age Publisher Pubmed

Hashemi H¹ ; Heydarian S² ; Khabazkhoob M³ ; Emamian MH⁴ ; Yekta A⁵ ; Fotouhi A⁶

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1. Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
3. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
5. Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Eye and Contact Lens Published:2020

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the distribution of keratoconus indices in normal children 6 to 12 years of age. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in children living in urban and rural areas of Shahroud, northeast Iran in 2015. After careful optometric examinations, the Pentacam was used for corneal imaging and measurement of keratoconus indices. Results: Of 5,620 students who participated in the study, the data of the right eye of 4,947 children were analyzed after applying the exclusion criteria. The mean age of all children was 9.2361.71 years (range: 6-12 years). The mean and 95% confidence intervals (in the parentheses) of index of surface variance (ISV), index of vertical asymmetry, keratoconus index (KI), central keratoconus index (CKI), index of height asymmetry, index of height decentration (IHD), and average pachymetric progression index (PPIAve) was 17.770 (17.610-17.930), 0.137 (0.135-0.139), 1.022 (1.022-1.023), 1.010 (1.010-1.010), 3.299 (3.230-3.368), 0.007 (0.007-0.008), and 0.948 (0.943-0.952), respectively. The results of multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analysis showed that ISV, KI, CKI, IHD, and PPIAve were significantly higher in girls. Index of surface variance and CKI were higher in urban students, and PPIAve was higher in rural students. Except for PPIAve, which was increased with increasing age, the mean values of other keratoconus indices were significantly lower in 12- year-old students compared with 6-year-old ones. Conclusion: The results provide valuable information about normal distribution of keratoconus indices in children aged 6 to 12 years. These findings can be used in future research and detection of abnormal cases in the clinical setting. Copyright © 2019 Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Hashemi H, et al.. "Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age." Eye and Contact Lens, vol. 46, no. 3, 2020, pp. 160-165.
APA	Hashemi H, Heydarian S, Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Yekta A, Fotouhi A (2020). Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age. Eye and Contact Lens, 46(3), 160-165.
Chicago	Hashemi H, Heydarian S, Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Yekta A, Fotouhi A. "Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age." Eye and Contact Lens 46, no. 3 (2020): 160-165.
Harvard	Hashemi H et al. (2020) 'Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age', Eye and Contact Lens, 46(3), pp. 160-165.
Vancouver	Hashemi H, Heydarian S, Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Yekta A, Fotouhi A. Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age. Eye and Contact Lens. 2020;46(3):160-165.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Hashemi H and Heydarian S and Khabazkhoob M and Emamian MH and Yekta A and Fotouhi A}, title = {Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age}, journal = {Eye and Contact Lens}, volume = {46}, number = {3}, pages = {160-165}, year = {2020} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Hashemi H AU - Heydarian S AU - Khabazkhoob M AU - Emamian MH AU - Yekta A AU - Fotouhi A TI - Distribution of Keratoconus Indices in Normal Children 6 to 12 Years of Age JO - Eye and Contact Lens VL - 46 IS - 3 SP - 160 EP - 165 PY - 2020 ER -

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