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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Analgesic Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin: A Literature Review Publisher Pubmed



Hosseindoost S1, 2 ; Inanloo SH3 ; Pestehei SK2, 4 ; Rahimi M4 ; Yekta RA2, 5 ; Khajehnasiri A2, 5 ; Rad MA6 ; Majedi H2, 4 ; Dehpour AR7, 8
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Pain Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Urology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Management Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain, Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Drug Development Research Published:2024


Abstract

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), derived from Clostridium botulinum, have been employed to treat a range of central and peripheral neurological disease. Some studies indicate that BoNT may be beneficial for pain conditions as well. It has been hypothesized that BoNTs may exert their analgesic effects by preventing the release of pain-related neurotransmitters and neuroinflammatory agents from sensory nerve endings, suppressing glial activation, and inhibiting the transmission of pain-related receptors to the neuronal cell membrane. In addition, there is evidence to suggest that the central analgesic effects of BoNTs are mediated through their retrograde axonal transport. The purpose of this review is to summarize the experimental evidence of the analgesic functions of BoNTs and discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which they can act on pain conditions. Most of the studies reviewed in this article were conducted using BoNT/A. The PubMed database was searched from 1995 to December 2022 to identify relevant literature. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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