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Adherence to Mediterranean Dietary Quality Index and Risk of Breast Cancer in Adult Women: A Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Djafari F1 ; Ghorbaninejad P1 ; Firouzabadi FD1 ; Sheikhhossein F2 ; Shahinfar H3, 4 ; Safabakhsh M1 ; Imani H2 ; Shabbidar S1
Authors

Source: BMC Women's Health Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the fifth most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths in Iran. Given that the role of whole-diet on cancer risk is important, this study aimed to assess the association of MedDQI and breast cancer risk. Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was performed on 150 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer within the period of less than 3 months. Controls were 150 apparently healthy that were matched by age. Dietary data was collected using a validated questionnaire. To examine participants’ adherence to MedDQI, the MedDQI was created according to foods and nutrients highlighted or minimized in the MedDQI construction. Results: After adjusting for possible confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the MedDQI score had 55% lower odds of breast cancer than women in the bottom quartile (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.94, P trend: 0.02). Stratified analysis by menopausal status showed such association in postmenopausal women (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.8, P trend: 0.055) after controlling for age and energy intake. Conclusion: The results showed an inverse association between adherence to the MedDQI and risk of breast cancer among Iranian women. More prospective studies are needed to confirm our results. © 2023, The Author(s).
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