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The Emerging Role of Exosomal Mirnas As a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarker in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Publisher Pubmed



Mirzaei R1, 2 ; Babakhani S3 ; Ajorloo P4 ; Ahmadi RH5 ; Hosseinifard SR6 ; Keyvani H7, 8 ; Ahmadyousefi Y9, 10 ; Teimoori A11 ; Zamani F7 ; Karampoor S7, 8 ; Yousefimashouf R1, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  2. 2. Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  10. 10. Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

Source: Molecular Medicine Published:2021


Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been the world’s driving fatal bacterial contagious disease globally. It continues a public health emergency, and around one-third of the global community has been affected by latent TB infection (LTBI). This is mostly due to the difficulty in diagnosing and treating patients with TB and LTBI. Exosomes are nanovesicles (40–100 nm) released from different cell types, containing proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA, and they allow the transfer of one’s cargo to other cells. The functional and diagnostic potential of exosomal miRNAs has been demonstrated in bacterial infections, including TB. Besides, it has been recognized that cells infected by intracellular pathogens such as Mtb can be secreting an exosome, which is implicated in the infection’s fate. Exosomes, therefore, open a unique viewpoint on the investigative process of TB pathogenicity. This study explores the possible function of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, we include the latest data on the pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomal miRNAs in TB. © 2021, The Author(s).
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