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Current Knowledge on Therapeutic, Diagnostic, and Prognostics Applications of Exosomes in Multiple Myeloma: Opportunities and Challenges Publisher Pubmed



Ramezani A1 ; Tafazoli A2 ; Salimi F3 ; Ghavami M4, 5 ; Arjmandi H6 ; Khalesi B7 ; Hashemi ZS8 ; Khalili S9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  3. 3. Production Department, Carayakhteh Co (Ltd), Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
  5. 5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
  6. 6. Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, 3197619751, Iran
  8. 8. ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran

Source: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Published:2024


Abstract

Interactions between the plasma cells and the BM microenvironment of Multiple myeloma (MM) take place through factors such as exosomes. Many studies have confirmed the role of exosomes in these interactions. By carrying proteins, cytokines, lipids, microRNAs, etc. as their cargo, exosomes can regulate the interactions between MM plasma cells and neighboring cells and participate in the signaling between cancer cells and the environment. It has been shown that MM-derived exosomes can induce angiogenesis, enhance osteoblast activity, confer drug resistance, and have immunosuppressive properties. Abnormal cargos in endosomes originating from MM patients, can be used as a cancer biomarker to detect or screen early prognosis in MM patients. The native nanostructure of exosomes, in addition to their biocompatibility, stability, and safety, make them excellent candidates for therapeutic, drug delivery, and immunomodulatory applications against MM. On the other hand, exosomes derived from dendritic cells (DC) may be used as vaccines against MM. Thanks to the development of new ‘omics’ approaches, we anticipate to hear more about exosomes in fight against MM. In the present review, we described the most current knowledge on the role of exosomes in MM pathogenesis and their potential role as novel biomarkers and therapeutic tools in MM. © 2024
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