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Effect of Alcohol Use on Injection and Sexual Behavior Among People Who Inject Drugs in Tehran, Iran: A Coarsened Exact Matching Approach Pubmed



Noroozi M1 ; Marshall BDL2 ; Noroozi A3, 4 ; Armoon B5 ; Sharifi H6 ; Qorbani M7 ; Abbasi M8 ; Bazrafshan MR9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
  3. 3. Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  7. 7. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  8. 8. School of Nursing and midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran

Source: Journal of Research in Health Sciences Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Many studies have recognized the importance of sexual and injection risk behaviors in HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). We aimed to examine effect of alcohol use on sexual and injection risky behavior using coarsened exact matching (CEM) approach among PWID in Tehran, Iran. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted from Mar to Aug 2016 in Tehran, Iran. PWID were recruited by a convenience and snowball sampling from five of Drop-in Centers (DICs) in Tehran. We assessed three outcomes of interest, all treated as binary variables, including distributive and receptive sharing and inconsistent condom use with any type of sexual partner. We applied coarsened exact matching (CEM) to estimate the independent effect of alcohol use on injection and sexual risk behaviours. All data analysis was performed using Stata v.11. Results: Overall, 550 PWID (all male) were enrolled. The prevalence of receptive sharing, distributive sharing, and inconsistent condom use was 32%, 15% and 55%, respectively. In the matched samples, last month drinkers were more likely to report receptive sharing (OR=2.12 95% CI: 1.31, 3.81; P=0.022), as compared to abstainer participants. Distributive sharing in last 30 d, was also significantly higher among last month drinkers group (OR=2.72 95% CI 1.72, 4.21; P=0.011), compared last month abstainers group. Finally, there was a statistically significant relationship between alcohol use and inconsistent condom use (OR=4.21 95% CI: 2.71, 7.52; P=0.013). Conclusions: The findings emphasize importance of addressing alcohol use in risk reduction interventions for Iranian PWID with alcohol use. © 2018, Health Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
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