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The Effects of Atorvastatin on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Clinical Trials Publisher



Saberi K1 ; Rahnama Sisakht A2 ; Sobhani G3 ; Zandiyeh F4 ; Golvardi Yazdi MS3 ; Soltanizadeh S5 ; Rasta S6 ; Gharebakhshi F7 ; Khaledi M8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Student Committee Research, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Shohadaye Salamat Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Student Committee Research, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Radiology, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Source: Journal of Nephropathology Published:2025


Abstract

Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a major acute renal failure that can be prevented by atorvastatin administration. This study aims to evaluate the association between atorvastatin use and CI-AKI incidence using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: Several international databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, and the Google Scholar search engine, were queried in this study. STATA 14 software was conducted to analyze the data. In this study, standardized mean difference (SMD) index was conducted to investigate the relationship between atorvastatin and serum creatinine level. Results: Twelve clinical trials with a total sample size of 3299 were retrieved. The effect of atorvastatin on serum creatinine levels indicated a SMD of-2.26 (95% CI:-2.53,-1.98) at a dose of 20 mg/kg,-0.76 (95% CI:-1.47,-0.05) at a dose of 40 mg/kg,-2.69 (95% CI:-2.96,-2.42) at a dose of 60 mg/ kg, and-0.03 (95% CI:-0.14, 0.09) at a dose of 80 mg/kg. The effect of atorvastatin use on serum creatinine levels achieved a SMD of-2.72 (95% CI:-3.02,-2.43) in the 40-49 years age group and a SMD of-0.96 (95% CI:-1.73,-0.19) in the 50-59 years age group. The effect of high-dose atorvastatin therapy in reducing the serum creatinine levels, compared to low-dose therapy, was a SMD of-0.54 (95% CI:-1.03,-0.04). However, estimates for the effect of atorvastatin compared to rosuvastatin and placebo showed a SMD of-0.26 (95% CI:-0.76, 0.24) and-1.23 (95% CI:-2.22,-0.25), respectively. The effect of atorvastatin on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels relative to the comparison group was a SMD of-1.10 (95% CI:-1.61,-0.58) and-1.36 (95% CI:-2.30,-0.42) respectively. Conclusion: Pre-treatment with atorvastatin is effective in CI-AKI prevention. High-dose atorvastatin administration at younger ages provides the best outcome for preventing CI-AKI. © 2025 The Author(s).