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Vitamin D Deficiency and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk; [L'association Entre La Carence En Vitamine D Et Le Risque De Retinopathie Diabetique] Publisher Pubmed



Navaei S1 ; Nazemi S2 ; Emamian MH3 ; Hashemi H4 ; Fotouhi A5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  2. 2. Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  3. 3. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  4. 4. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal Francais d'Ophtalmologie Published:2023


Abstract

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency may play an important role in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the likelihood of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This nested case-control study was conducted on all type II diabetic patients among the participants of the third phase of the Shahroud eye cohort study. Overall, 278 patients aged 50 to 74 years, 101 in the case group (diabetic retinopathy) and 178 in the control group (diabetic without retinopathy), were assessed. Serum levels of vitamin D on admission were measured for all participants by a radio immunoassay (RIA) technique. Results: The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (defined as a vitamin D level of less than or equal to 20 mg/dL) was 30.7%. Comparison of the serum level of vitamin D across the three groups - without retinopathy, with non-proliferative retinopathy, and with proliferative retinopathy - showed a significantly lower level of this marker in the latter group (P = 0.036). Reducing vitamin D to less than or equal to 20 ng/mL increased the odds of proliferative retinopathy by 6.25 times (P value: 0.027). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for diabetes-related proliferative retinopathy. © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS