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The Mediterranean Diet and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Aalizadeh Y1 ; Khamisi N2 ; Asghari P3 ; Safari A4 ; Mottaghi M5 ; Taherkhani MH6 ; Alemi A4 ; Ghaderi M7 ; Rahmanian M8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University (khorasgan Branch), IAU (Khorasgan Branch), University Blvd, Jey St, Arqavanieh, Isfahan, 81551-39998, Iran
  2. 2. School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University (Khorasgan Branch), IAU (Khorasgan Branch), University Blvd, Jey St, Arqavanieh, Isfahan, 81551-39998, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Knowledge and Health City, At the End of Shahid Fakouri Blvd (In Front of Fakouri 94), Mashhad, 99191-91778, Iran
  4. 4. School of Dentistry, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, No. 4 9th Neystan Pasdaran St, Tehran, 1946853314, Iran
  5. 5. School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, At the Beginning of Vakil Abad Blvd., in Front of Mellat Park, Mashhad, 9177948959, Iran
  6. 6. School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TUMS, North Kargar Ave, Amirabad, Tehran, 1439955934, Iran
  7. 7. Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Dr.Sobouti Blvd, Zanjan, 4513956184, Iran
  8. 8. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran

Source: Heliyon Published:2024


Abstract

Periodontitis is a severe oral health condition that affects the soft tissue and bone supporting the teeth. The Mediterranean diet has been proposed as a potential contributor to reducing the risk of periodontitis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and periodontitis. A comprehensive literature search from 1992 to January 2024 was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The included studies were clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies that evaluated the impact of the Mediterranean diet on periodontitis. Data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies were performed using standardized protocols. A meta-analysis was conducted to combine effect sizes from multiple studies. This review included seven studies, comprising one cohort study, five cross-sectional studies, and one randomized controlled trial. While some studies reported a potential link between Mediterranean diet adherence and periodontitis, the overall analysis did not demonstrate a significant association. The meta-analysis revealed an Odds Ratio (95 % Confidence Interval) of 0.77 (0.58, 1.03) for the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and periodontitis (p = 0.08). This systematic review and meta-analysis found no statistically significant association between periodontitis and Mediterranean diet adherence. Future research should prioritize the implementation of rigorous clinical studies with longer follow-up periods to better understand the causal association between the Mediterranean diet and periodontitis. Observational studies with larger sample sizes are needed to establish more conclusive evidence regarding the impact of dietary patterns on periodontal health. © 2024 The Authors
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