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Animal and Plant Protein Intake Association With Mental Health, Tryptophan Metabolites Pathways, and Gut Microbiota in Healthy Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher Pubmed



Soveid N1 ; Barkhidarian B1 ; Samadi M1 ; Hatami M2 ; Gholami F3 ; Yekaninejad MS4 ; Saedisomeolia A5, 6 ; Karbasian M7 ; Siadat SD7 ; Mirzaei K1, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. College of Health Sciences, Education Centre of Australia, Parramatta, 2153, NSW, Australia
  6. 6. School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
  7. 7. Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155, Iran
  8. 8. Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: BMC Microbiology Published:2024


Abstract

Mental health is affected by tryptophane (TRP) metabolism regulation. Diet-influenced gut microbiome regulates TRP metabolism. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between type of dietary protein intake, gut microbiota, TRP metabolites homeostasis, and mental well-being in healthy women. 91 healthy females aged 18–50 were recruited based on the study protocol. Validate and reliable questionnaires assessed dietary intake and mental health. Biochemical tests and gut microbiota composition were analyzed following the manufacturer’s instructions for each enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kit and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods respectively. Regression methods were used to estimate the considered associations. The results show that in the fully adjusted model, plant protein consumption was partially inversely associated with depression risk (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.06, 1.09; P = 0.06). Higher dietary animal protein intake was marginally associated with psychological distress (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 0.91, 7.34; P = 0.07). KYN to serotonin ratio was inversely associated with animal protein consumption (ß = 1.10; 95% CI: -0.13, 2.33; P = 0.07). Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio (β = -1.27 × 103, SE = 5.99 × 102, P = 0.03) was lower in the top tertile of plant protein. A partially negative correlation was found between dietary animal protein and Prevotella abundance (β = -9.20 × 1018, SE = 5.04 × 1018, P = 0.06). Overall, significant inverse associations were found between a diet high in plant protein with mental disorders, KYN levels, and Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio while adhering to higher animal protein could predispose women to psychological stress. © The Author(s) 2024.
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