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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Gallstones and Cholecystectomy With Liver Cancer Publisher



Ghorbani Doshantapeh A1 ; Hameed Rashid M2 ; Muslim Mhaibes R3 ; Cheraghalian A4 ; Emamieh S5 ; Hasheminezhad N6 ; Neshati A7 ; Mardanparvar H8, 9 ; Ghaffariyan S4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Dental Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technology, Ashure University, Baghdad, Iraq
  3. 3. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine Misan University, Misan, Iraq
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
  7. 7. Operating Room Technology Department, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
  8. 8. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  9. 9. Guissu Research Corporation, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Source: Immunopathologia Persa Published:2025


Abstract

Introduction: Cholelithiasis and related treatments are associated with several gastrointestinal cancers. Thus, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy with the risk of liver cancer. Materials and Methods: The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We performed a search on the databases of Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar until January 21, 2024. Moreover, the statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 14, and the significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: The present meta-analysis included 15 studies with a total sample size of 1 426 704 participants. According to our results, a significant association between cholelithiasis and liver cancer (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.52, 2.03), as well as cholecystectomy and liver cancer (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.87) were detected. Moreover, the relationship between cholelithiasis and liver cancer was significant in cohort studies (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.51, 2.04) and insignificant in case-control studies (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.86). However, there was a significant relationship between cholecystectomy and liver cancer in both the cohort (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.04) and case-control studies (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.41). Conclusion: In conclusion, cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy increased the risk of liver cancer by 76% and 55%, respectively. Thus, they can be considered as risk factors for liver cancer. © 2025 The Author(s); Published by Nickan Research Institute.
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