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Efficacy of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines in the Prevention of Male Genital Diseases: A Systematic Review Publisher Pubmed



Kardoust Parizi M1, 3 ; Singla N5 ; Matsukawa A1, 8 ; Tsuboi I1, 9 ; Mancon S1, 10 ; Miszczyk M1, 11 ; Chlosta P12 ; Shariat SF1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 13, 14
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  2. 2. Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
  3. 3. Department of Urology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Urology Department, Research Center for Evidence Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  5. 5. James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  6. 6. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
  7. 7. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
  8. 8. Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  9. 9. Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Izumo, Japan
  10. 10. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
  11. 11. Collegium Medicum – Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland
  12. 12. Department of Urology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
  13. 13. Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  14. 14. Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Source: BJU International Published:2025


Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the results of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in preventing male genital-related diseases. Methods: A systematic search of English language literature using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was performed in April 2024 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Results: Evidence from four RCTs (including 7008 male participants) support the efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in preventing genital warts and persistent HPV infection in HPV-naive men. The low incidence of male genital malignancies in the control groups of the reported studies lead to underpowered evidence. However, vaccination leads to durable protection with a long-term follow-up of 10 years showing efficacy of 91.8% to prevent HPV 6-, 11-, 16-, or 18-related external genital lesions (EGLs) in HPV-naive subjects. Additionally, the quadrivalent vaccine seems to effectively reduce the detection of DNA from all four HPV types. Conclusion: In summary, early quadrivalent HPV vaccination demonstrates efficacy in preventing HPV infection and EGLs in males. Well controlled prospective studies are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy, specifically in cancer prevention, in all men and specific subject subgroups, and to identify the targeted population who is most likely to benefit from early vaccination. © 2025 The Author(s). BJU International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of BJU International.